Eyv Hák 6I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson, Hákonarmál 6’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 180.
trǫðuðu ‘’
tǫrgur ‘Shields’
(not checked:)
targa (noun f.; °*-u; *-ur): shield
við ‘’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
fyr ‘under’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[2] fyr Týs of bauga: fyr týs ok bauga Kˣ, F(18ra), 761bˣ, við týss of valdi FskBˣ, ‘við tysvin valde’ FskAˣ
týsvin ‘’
Týs ‘of the Týr’
(not checked:)
Týr (noun m.): Týr
[2] fyr Týs of bauga: fyr týs ok bauga Kˣ, F(18ra), 761bˣ, við týss of valdi FskBˣ, ‘við tysvin valde’ FskAˣ
kennings
Týs of bauga.‘of the Týr of rings. ’
= MAN
the Týr of rings. → MAN
ok ‘’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
of ‘of’
(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too
[2] fyr Týs of bauga: fyr týs ok bauga Kˣ, F(18ra), 761bˣ, við týss of valdi FskBˣ, ‘við tysvin valde’ FskAˣ
kennings
Týs of bauga.‘of the Týr of rings. ’
= MAN
the Týr of rings. → MAN
valdi ‘’
(not checked:)
vald (noun n.; °-s; *-): strength, power
bauga ‘rings’
(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring
[2] fyr Týs of bauga: fyr týs ok bauga Kˣ, F(18ra), 761bˣ, við týss of valdi FskBˣ, ‘við tysvin valde’ FskAˣ
kennings
Týs of bauga.‘of the Týr of rings. ’
= MAN
the Týr of rings. → MAN
notes
[2] bauga ‘of rings’: This could alternatively refer to rings painted around shield-bosses (as in st. 8/4), hence by synecdoche ‘of shields’, forming a warrior-kenning with Týr/týr.
hjalta ‘of hilts’
(not checked:)
hjalt (noun n.; °; *-): hilt
kennings
harðfótum hjalta‘the hard feet of hilts ’
= SWORDS
the hard feet of hilts → SWORDS
harð ‘the hard’
(not checked:)
harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh < harðfótr (noun m.): [hard feet]
kennings
harðfótum hjalta‘the hard feet of hilts ’
= SWORDS
the hard feet of hilts → SWORDS
hausa ‘’
(not checked:)
hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull
ok ‘’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
fótum ‘ feet’
(not checked:)
1. fótr (noun m.): foot, leg < harðfótr (noun m.): [hard feet]
kennings
harðfótum hjalta‘the hard feet of hilts ’
= SWORDS
the hard feet of hilts → SWORDS
hausar ‘skulls’
(not checked:)
hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull
[4] hausar: ok hausar F(18ra), hausa FskBˣ, FskAˣ
Norð ‘Nor’
(not checked:)
norð- ((prefix)): northern, Norwegian < Norðmaðr (noun m.): Norwegian
manna ‘wegians’’
(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person < Norðmaðr (noun m.): Norwegian
Róma ‘Battle’
(not checked:)
róma (noun f.): battle
varð ‘arose’
(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be
í ‘on’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
margir ‘’
(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
firar ‘’
(not checked:)
firar (noun m.): men
eyju ‘the island’
(not checked:)
1. ey (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-; -jar): island
skíra ‘’
(not checked:)
2. skírr (adj.): pure, bright
ruðu ‘reddened’
(not checked:)
rjóða (verb): to redden
konungar ‘kings’
(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
[6] konungar: firar margir F(18ra)
skjald ‘shield’
(not checked:)
skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield < skjaldborg (noun f.): shield-wall
notes
[7] skjaldborgir ‘shield-fortresses’: This designates a defensive formation of shields held close together: cf. OE scieldburh, OHG sciltburg, and see Falk (1914b, 151).
borgir ‘fortresses’
(not checked:)
borg (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -; -ir): city, stronghold < skjaldborg (noun f.): shield-wall
notes
[7] skjaldborgir ‘shield-fortresses’: This designates a defensive formation of shields held close together: cf. OE scieldburh, OHG sciltburg, and see Falk (1914b, 151).
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
skatna ‘of men’
(not checked:)
skati (noun m.; °-a; -nar): chieftan, prince
blóði ‘the blood’
(not checked:)
blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In Hkr, as for st. 1. In Fsk, as for st. 5.
[1-4]: (a) Of (l. 2), the reading of FskBˣ (and its sister transcripts 51ˣ and 302ˣ), is here taken as the expletive particle and adopted rather than the Hkr reading ok ‘and’ (so also Kock, Skald). Of bauga, the particle plus bauga (gen. pl.) ‘of rings’, occurs again in st. 8/4, written um bauga. The reading um/of also appears to be supported by ‘tysvin’ in FskAˣ (and 52ˣ and 301ˣ), which is almost certainly an error for ‘tysvm’ (= týs of, so Jón Helgason 1968); the same error, vin for um = of, occurs in the same mss in Þhorn Harkv 2/8. This solution seems preferable to the alternatives, although it entails assuming an understood conj. between tǫrgur and Norðmanna hausar, hence ‘shields and Norwegians’ skulls’, as well as the difficulty articulated by Sahlgren in (c) below. (b) It is possible to retain the Hkr reading ok, giving a cpd gen. phrase ‘under the swords of the warrior [Hákon] and of the Norwegians’ (so Skj B and, presumably, Möbius (1860) and Fsk 1902-3), or ‘under the hard feet [weapons (?)] of the god of hilts [swords] and shields [WARRIOR]’ (so Hkr 1991). However, the resulting syntax is strained. (c) Sahlgren (1927-8, I, 53-4) thinks it unlikely that Norwegians’ skulls (hausar Norðmanna, l. 4), should here be said to be trampled, and he would construe Norðmanna with harðfótum hjalta ‘hard feet of hilts [SWORDS]’ (so earlier Olsen 1916a, 3, though his overall interpretation of the helmingr is unconvincing). (d) Lie (1948), for similar reasons, would adopt the Fsk reading hausa, as opposed to hausar in the other mss, interpreting it as ‘head’ (gen. sg. of a rare hausi m.), in reference to Haraldr as ‘head’ of the Norwegians, parallel to týs of bauga (cf. also Herbert 1804, 122-3; Ulset 1975, 48; Seim 1984). (e) Lindquist (1929, 12-13) takes the meaning to be that shields made it difficult for the swords to get at the Norwegians’ heads.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.