Anonymous Poems, Allra postula minnisvísur 2

Ian McDougall

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Alpost 2^VII

Ian McDougall (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Allra postula minnisvísur 2’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 855-6.

Anonymous Poems Allra postula minnisvísur

1 2 3

Páll ‘Paul’

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Páll (noun m.): [Páll, Paul]

notes

[1] Páll ‘Paul’: On S. Paul the Apostle, see Cross and Livingstone 1983, 1046-8; Jón Þorkelsson 1888, 61-2, 66; Widding, Bekker-Nielsen and Shook 1963, 328-9; Gad 1968a, 150-3; Bekker-Nielsen 1968a, 153-4; Cormack 1994, 144-6, 244.

notes

[2] Paulus gjörr af Saulo ‘from Saul made Paul’: Cf. Acts IX. 1-20, XIII.9; cf. IO 68, 1 Paulus, qui ante Saulus ‘Paul, who [was] previously Saul’; Páll¹ 216-17; Páll²A 240.

gjörr ‘made’

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1. gera (verb): do, make

notes

[2] Paulus gjörr af Saulo ‘from Saul made Paul’: Cf. Acts IX. 1-20, XIII.9; cf. IO 68, 1 Paulus, qui ante Saulus ‘Paul, who [was] previously Saul’; Páll¹ 216-17; Páll²A 240.

af ‘from’

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af (prep.): from

notes

[2] Paulus gjörr af Saulo ‘from Saul made Paul’: Cf. Acts IX. 1-20, XIII.9; cf. IO 68, 1 Paulus, qui ante Saulus ‘Paul, who [was] previously Saul’; Páll¹ 216-17; Páll²A 240.

Saulo ‘Saul’

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Saulus (noun m.): [Saul]

notes

[2] Paulus gjörr af Saulo ‘from Saul made Paul’: Cf. Acts IX. 1-20, XIII.9; cf. IO 68, 1 Paulus, qui ante Saulus ‘Paul, who [was] previously Saul’; Páll¹ 216-17; Páll²A 240.

lýða ‘of people’

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lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people

kennings

valdr lýða á láði.
‘ruler of people on earth. ’
= KING = Paul
ruler of people on earth. → KING = Paul

notes

[3] valdr lýða á láði ‘ruler of people on earth [KING = Paul]’: Finnur Jónsson’s interpretation of l. 3 as menneskenes herre på jorden ‘ruler of people on earth’ (Skj B), followed here, applies to Paul a conventional kenning for a king; cf. lýða dróttinn (ǪrvOdd Ævdr 30/4^VIII), gramr (Sturl Hákfl 11/7^II), lofðungr (SnSt Ht 26/7^III), stillir (Bragi Rdr 10/1^III), þengill (SnSt Ht 21/1^III; Anon Pl 6/7); see Meissner, 352-8.

valdr ‘ruler’

(not checked:)
valdr (noun m.): ruler

kennings

valdr lýða á láði.
‘ruler of people on earth. ’
= KING = Paul
ruler of people on earth. → KING = Paul

notes

á ‘on’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

kennings

valdr lýða á láði.
‘ruler of people on earth. ’
= KING = Paul
ruler of people on earth. → KING = Paul

notes

láði ‘earth’

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2. láð (noun n.): earth, land

kennings

valdr lýða á láði.
‘ruler of people on earth. ’
= KING = Paul
ruler of people on earth. → KING = Paul

notes

lærifaðirinn ‘mentor’

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lærifaðir (noun m.): teacher

notes

[4] lærifaðirinn ‘the mentor’: An allusion to Paul’s traditional epithet, doctor gentium ‘teacher of nations’, see 1 Tim. II.7: in quo positus sum ego praedicator et apostolus ... doctor gentium in fide et veritate ‘whereunto I am appointed a preacher and an apostle, ... a doctor of the gentiles in faith and truth’. Cf. Páll²A 279: Sva diupt standa orð Pals postola, þau er hann segir i sinum pistlum eða kenningum, at hann kallaz doctor gencium ‘The words of Paul the Apostle, which he utters in his epistles or teachings, are so deeply grounded that he is called doctor gentium’. This epithet might suggest that lærifaðirinn should be taken with lýða (l. 3), a plausible rendering of gentium, so that ll. 3-4 might be read as ‘the pure, powerful teacher of people(s) on earth’. However, this would require interpretation of valdr as an adj. ‘strong, mighty’, a strong form which is perhaps unlikely in apposition with weak skæri ‘pure’, a form required by the metre.

skæri ‘the pure’

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1. skærr (adj.): pure, bright

Kross ‘to the cruci’

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kross (noun m.; °-, dat. -i; -ar): cross, crucifix < krossfesta (verb): crucify

festum ‘fied’

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2. festa (verb): fasten, betrothe, promise < krossfesta (verb): crucify

var ‘was’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

hann ‘He’

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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

notes

[5] hann ‘he’: The pron. is extrametrical. Similarly extrametrical are oss 3/8; hann 4/3, 10/7 and 12/3.

Kristo ‘Christ’

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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ

kærr ‘dear’

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kærr (adj.; °superl. kǽrstr/kǽrastr): dear

og ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Pétro ‘to Peter’

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Pétr (noun m.): Peter

næri ‘near’

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næri (adv.): near

[6] næri: ‘[...](æ)rri’(?) 721

hans ‘his’

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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

háleitar ‘exalted’

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háleitr (adj.): glorious, sublime

[7] háleitar: ‘haleit(ar)’(?) 721

bænir ‘prayers’

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bœn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): request, prayer

hlífi ‘protect’

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hlífa (verb): protect

oss ‘us’

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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

að ‘’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

eilífu ‘forever’

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eilífr (adj.): eternal

Komi ‘enter’

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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come

hier ‘here’

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hér (adv.): here

kærr ‘the beloved’

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kærr (adj.; °superl. kǽrstr/kǽrastr): dear

riett ‘straight’

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3. réttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): right, straight, direct

inni ‘in’

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2. inni (adv.): in, inside, indoors

Kristr ‘Christ’

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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ

að ‘to’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

[10] að Paulus: ‘(at p)aulus’(?) 721

Paulus ‘for Paul’

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Paulus (noun m.): [Paul, for Paul]

[10] að Paulus: ‘(at p)aulus’(?) 721

minni ‘the memorial toast’

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1. minni (noun n.; °-s; -): memory

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prose

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Anon Alpost 2VII

Páll ‘Paul’

notes

berr ‘surpasses’

prís ‘’

yfir ‘’

alla ‘all’

Paulus ‘Paul’

notes

gjörr ‘made’

notes

af ‘from’

notes

Saulo ‘Saul’

notes

lýða ‘of people’

kennings

notes

valdr ‘ruler’

kennings

notes

á ‘on’

kennings

notes

láði ‘earth’

kennings

notes

lærifaðirinn ‘mentor’

notes

skæri ‘the pure’

Kross ‘to the cruci’

festum ‘fied’

var ‘was’

hann ‘He’

notes

Kristo ‘Christ’

kærr ‘dear’

og ‘and’

Pétro ‘to Peter’

næri ‘near’

hans ‘his’

háleitar ‘exalted’

bænir ‘prayers’

hlífi ‘protect’

oss ‘us’

að ‘’

eilífu ‘forever’

Komi ‘enter’

hier ‘here’

kærr ‘the beloved’

riett ‘straight’

inni ‘in’

Kristr ‘Christ’

að ‘to’

Paulus ‘for Paul’

minni ‘the memorial toast’

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Anon Alpost 2^VII