Kennings — Bragi inn gamli Boddason
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Bragi Frag 1III
djúprǫðull ǫðla
‘a deep disk of inherited land’ = ISLAND = Sjælland
a deep disk of inherited land, → ISLAND = Sjællandisland, skerry
5. disc of land -
Bragi Frag 1III
auki Danmarkar
‘Denmark’s addition’ = Sjælland
Denmark’s addition, → SjællandSjælland
. increase of Denmark -
Bragi Frag 1III
átta ennitungl
‘eight forehead-moons’ = EYES
eight forehead-moons → EYESeye
1.1. light of the head (A1b) -
Bragi Frag 1III
víðri valrauf vinjeyjar
‘the wide plunder-rift of the meadow-island’ = Sjælland
the wide plunder-rift of the meadow-island. → SjællandSjælland
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Bragi Frag 2III
faðir ǫndurdísar
‘of the father of the ski-dís’ = Þjazi
the ski-dís → Skaði
the father of SKAÐI → ÞjaziÞjazi
1.1. father of Skaði -
Bragi Frag 2III
ǫndurdís
‘of the ski-dís’ = Skaði
the ski-dís → SkaðiSkaði
1. deity of the ski (C2b) -
Bragi Frag 2III
víða munnrlaug vinda
‘the wide hand-basin of winds’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the wide hand-basin of winds → SKY/HEAVENsky/heaven
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Bragi Frag 3III
sundr-kljúfr níu hǫfða Þrívalda
‘cleaver asunder of the nine heads of Þrívaldi’ = Þórr
cleaver asunder of the nine heads of Þrívaldi, → ÞórrÞórr
1.1. defeater of the giants -
Bragi Frag 3III
mærum simblir sumbls
‘the famous drink-provider of the drinking party’ = Ægir
the famous drink-provider of the drinking party. → ÆgirÆgir
1. provider of ale -
Bragi Frag 4III
lung váfaðar Gungnis
‘the longship of the swinger of Gungnir’ = HORSE = Sleipnir
the swinger of Gungnir. → Óðinn
the longship of ÓÐINN → HORSE = SleipnirSleipnir
1. ship of Óðinn (A1a) -
Bragi Frag 4III
Váfuðr Gungnis
‘of the swinger of Gungnir’ = Óðinn
the swinger of Gungnir. → ÓðinnÓðinn
. swinger of Gungnir (C2a) -
Bragi Frag 5III
eldr bekks ǫlna
‘fire of the bench of mackerels’ = GOLD
the bench of mackerels → SEA
fire of the SEA → GOLDgold
1.1.1. fire of the sea (A1) -
Bragi Frag 5III
bekkr ǫlna
‘of the bench of mackerels’ = SEA
the bench of mackerels → SEAsea
3.3. dwelling of the aquatic animal -
Bragi Frag 5III
drykkja Fjǫlnis fjalla
‘the drink of the Fjǫlnir of the mountains’ = POETRY
the Fjǫlnir of the mountains; → GIANT = Suttungr
the drink of the GIANTSUTTUNGR → POETRYpoetry
1.3.1. drink of the giants -
Bragi Frag 5III
Fjǫlnir fjalla
‘of the Fjǫlnir of the mountains’ = GIANT = Suttungr
the Fjǫlnir of the mountains; → GIANT = Suttungrgiant
1.2. male mythical being of the mountains -
Bragi Frag 6III
rǫdd Ála vazt-undirkúlu
‘to the voice of the Áli of the fishing ground-under-knob’ = GOLD
the fishing ground-under-knob, → ROCK
the Áli of the ROCK → GIANT
to the voice of the GIANT → GOLDgold
8.1. utterance of the giant (A3) -
Bragi Frag 6III
Áli vazt-undirkúlu
‘of the Áli of the fishing ground-under-knob’ = GIANT
the fishing ground-under-knob, → ROCK
the Áli of the ROCK → GIANTgiant
1.3. legendary person of the mountains -
Bragi Frag 6III
vazt-undirkúla
‘of the fishing ground-under-knob’ = ROCK
the fishing ground-under-knob, → ROCKrock, stone
2.2. hard object of waters -
Bragi Rdr 1III
blað ilja þjófs Þrúðar
‘the leaf of the footsoles of the thief of Þrúðr’ = SHIELD
the thief of Þrúðr, → Hrungnir
the leaf of the footsoles of HRUNGNIR → SHIELDshield
13. mythological -
Bragi Rdr 1III
þjófr Þrúðar
‘of the thief of Þrúðr’ = Hrungnir
the thief of Þrúðr, → HrungnirHrungnir
. thief of Þrúðr -
Bragi Rdr 2III
inn mæri mǫgr Sigvarðar
‘the famous son of Sigurðr’ = Ragnarr loðbrók
the famous son of Sigurðr → Ragnarr loðbrókRagnarr loðbrók
1. son of Sigurðr hringr -
Bragi Rdr 2III
ins gjalla baugnafaðs hjól meyjar Hǫgna
‘the resounding boss-hubbed wheel of the maid of Hǫgni’ = SHIELD
the maid of Hǫgni. → Hildr
the resounding boss-hubbed wheel of HILDR → SHIELDshield
1.08. wheel of the valkyrie -
Bragi Rdr 2III
mær Hǫgna
‘of the maid of Hǫgni’ = Hildr
the maid of Hǫgni. → HildrHildr
2. woman of Hǫgni (C4a) -
Bragi Rdr 3III
flaumr sverða
‘the eddy of swords’ = BATTLE
the eddy of swords. → BATTLEbattle
12.1. stream of weapons -
Bragi Rdr 3III
hǫfuðniðr Randvés
‘of the chief kinsmen of Randvér’ = the dynasty of the Goths
the chief kinsmen of Randvér, → the dynasty of the Gothsdynasty of the Goths
. relatives of Randvér -
Bragi Rdr 3III
barmi Erps
‘brothers of Erpr’ = Hamðir and Sǫrli
brothers of Erpr → Hamðir and SǫrliHamðir and Sǫrli
. brothers of Erpr -
Bragi Rdr 4III
dǫgg hræva
‘dew of corpses’ = BLOOD
Dew of corpses → BLOODblood
1.3. liquid of the corpse (A2) -
Bragi Rdr 4III
alfr sóknar
‘of the elf of attack’ = WARRIOR = Jǫrmunrekkr
the elf of attack → WARRIOR = Jǫrmunrekkrwarrior
2.3.4. elf of battle -
Bragi Rdr 4III
ǫlskakki
‘the ale-dispenser’ = RULER = Jǫrmunrekkr
The ale-dispenser → RULER = Jǫrmunrekkrchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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Bragi Rdr 4III
lauf runna landa Leifa
‘the leaf of the trees of the lands of Leifi’ = SHIELD
the lands of Leifi. → SEA
the trees of the SEA → SHIPS
the leaf of SHIPS → SHIELDshield
. leaf of the ship -
Bragi Rdr 4III
runnr landa Leifa
‘of the trees of the lands of Leifi’ = SHIPS
the lands of Leifi. → SEA
the trees of the SEA → SHIPSship, boat
3.1. tree of the sea -
Bragi Rdr 4III
land Leifa
‘of the lands of Leifi’ = SEA
the lands of Leifi. → SEAsea
2.1. land of the sea-king -
Bragi Rdr 5III
sár golfhǫlkvis
‘the vat of the floor-steed’ = BED
the floor-steed → HOUSE
the vat of the HOUSE → BEDbed
1. vat of the house -
Bragi Rdr 5III
golfhǫlkvir
‘of the floor-steed’ = HOUSE
the floor-steed → HOUSEhouse
1. animal of house-parts -
Bragi Rdr 5III
sigla segls naglfara
‘the masts of the sail of the nail-studded one’ = WARRIORS
the sail of the nail-studded one, → SHIELD
the masts of the SHIELD → WARRIORSwarrior
1.3. stave/pole of the weapon -
Bragi Rdr 5III
segl naglfara
‘of the sail of the nail-studded one’ = SHIELD
the sail of the nail-studded one, → SHIELDshield
12.3. sail of the ship -
Bragi Rdr 5III
hǫrðum herðimýill vinu Hergauts
‘with hard shoulder-lumps of the mistress of Hergautr’ = STONES
the mistress of Hergautr. → Jǫrð
with hard shoulder-lumps of JǪRÐ → STONESrock, stone
1.1. body parts of the earth -
Bragi Rdr 5III
vina Hergauts
‘of the mistress of Hergautr’ = Jǫrð
the mistress of Hergautr. → JǫrðJǫrð
1. consort of Óðinn (C3a) -
Bragi Rdr 6III
støkkvir flaums stála
‘the impeller of the eddy of steel’ = WARRIOR = Jǫrmunrekkr
the eddy of steel → BATTLE
The impeller of the BATTLE → WARRIOR = Jǫrmunrekkrwarrior
. man of battle -
Bragi Rdr 6III
flaumr stála
‘of the eddy of steel’ = BATTLE
the eddy of steel → BATTLEbattle
12.1. stream of weapons -
Bragi Rdr 6III
niðr Gjúka
‘the descendants of Gjúki’ = Hamðir and Sǫrli
the descendants of Gjúki → Hamðir and SǫrliHamðir and Sǫrli
. descendants of Gjúki -
Bragi Rdr 6III
munr foglhildar
‘the delight of bird-hildr’ = Jǫrmunrekkr
the delight of Bird-hildr → JǫrmunrekkrJǫrmunrekkr
1. joy of Svanhildr -
Bragi Rdr 6III
sonr Jónakrs
‘the sons of Jónakr’ = Hamðir and Sǫrli
the sons of Jónakr → Hamðir and SǫrliHamðir and Sǫrli
. sons of Jónakr -
Bragi Rdr 6III
birki bláserkjar
‘of the birch-branch of the dark shirt’ = SWORD
the birch-branch of the dark shirt → SWORDsword
. tree of the mail-coat -
Bragi Rdr 6III
gata eggjar
‘the path of the sword-blade’ = WOUND
the path of the sword-blade. → WOUNDwound
2. path of the weapon -
Bragi Rdr 7III
máni reiðar Ræs
‘a moon of the chariot of Rær’ = SHIELD
the chariot of Rær → SHIP
a moon of the SHIP → SHIELDshield
1.01. heavenly body of the ship -
Bragi Rdr 7III
reið Ræs
‘of the chariot of Rær’ = SHIP
the chariot of Rær → SHIPship, boat
4.3. chariot of the sea-king -
Bragi Rdr 8III
ósk-Rán ofþerris æða
‘the desiring-Rán of the excessive drying of veins’ = VALKYRIE = Hildr
the desiring-Rán of the excessive drying of veins → VALKYRIE = Hildrvalkyrie
1.6. desiring-goddess of slaughter (B2b) -
Bragi Rdr 8III
veðr boga
‘the storm of bows’ = BATTLE
the storm of bows → BATTLEbattle
1.1.1.5. storm/wind of bows -
Bragi Rdr 8III
hristi-Sif hringa
‘the shaking-Sif of rings’ = VALKYRIE = Hildr
the shaking-Sif of rings, → VALKYRIE = Hildrvalkyrie
1.2.1. shaking-goddess of the (hilt-)ring (B2b) -
Bragi Rdr 8III
draugr ørlygis
‘the tree-trunk of battle’ = WARRIOR = Hǫgni
the tree-trunk of battle → WARRIOR = Hǫgniwarrior
2.1. tree of battle -
Bragi Rdr 8III
drasill byrjar
‘the steeds of the fair wind’ = SHIPS
the steeds of the fair wind. → SHIPSship, boat
1.4.1. horse of fair wind -
Bragi Rdr 9III
sú bœti-Þrúðr dreyrugra benja
‘that curing-Þrúðr of bloody wounds’ = VALKYRIE = Hildr
That curing-Þrúðr of bloody wounds → VALKYRIE = Hildrvalkyrie
1.5. curing-goddess of wounds (B2b) -
Bragi Rdr 9III
mót malma
‘the assembly of weapons’ = BATTLE
the assembly of weapons. → BATTLEbattle
3.1. meeting of weapons -
Bragi Rdr 9III
lifra algífris ulfs
‘the sister of the complete monster of a wolf [fenrir]’ = Hel
the sister of the complete monster of a wolf [Fenrir]. → HelHel
1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b) -
Bragi Rdr 10III
stillir lýða
‘the controller of men’ = RULER
The controller of men, → RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people -
Bragi Rdr 10III
hǫðglammi
‘of battle-wolves’ = WARRIORS
battle-wolves → WARRIORSwarrior
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Bragi Rdr 10III
þróttig þremja þrymregin
‘noise-gods of sword-edges’ = WARRIORS
the noise of sword-edges → BATTLE
the enduring gods of the BATTLE → WARRIORSwarrior
2.3.1. god of battle -
Bragi Rdr 10III
þremja þrymr
‘of the noise of sword-edges’ = BATTLE
the noise of sword-edges → BATTLEbattle
2.1.1. din of swords -
Bragi Rdr 11III
fengeyðandi fordæða fljóða
‘the booty-destroying evil-doer among women’ = Hildr
the booty-destroying evil-doer among women → HildrHildr
3. booty-destroying witch among women (C1b) -
Bragi Rdr 11III
Viðrir Hveðru brynju
‘the Viðrir of the Hveðra of the mail-coat’ = WARRIOR = Hǫgni
the Hveðra of the mail-coat. → AXE
the Viðrir of the AXE → WARRIOR = Hǫgniwarrior
1.4.1.01. Óðinn of the weapon -
Bragi Rdr 11III
Hveðra brynju
‘of the Hveðra of the mail-coat’ = AXE
the Hveðra of the mail-coat. → AXEaxe
1.3. female mythical being of the mail-coat -
Bragi Rdr 11III
ráðalfr
‘of the control-elf’ = RULER = Hǫgni (?)
the control-elf → RULER = Hǫgni (?)chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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Bragi Rdr 11III
skeið Reifnis
‘the ground of Reifnir’ = SEA
the ground of Reifnir, → SEAsea
2.2. path of the sea-king -
Bragi Rdr 11III
kyrrar hurð Hjarranda
‘unwavering hurdles of Hjarrandi’ = SHIELDS
unwavering hurdles of Hjarrandi. → SHIELDSshield
4.2. door of Óðinn -
Bragi Rdr 12III
Svǫlnis salpenningr
‘hall-penny of Svǫlnir’ = SHIELD
the hall of Svǫlnir. → Valhǫll
the penny of VALHǪLL → SHIELDshield
13. mythological -
Bragi Rdr 12III
Svǫlnis salr
‘of the hall of Svǫlnir’ = Valhǫll
the hall of Svǫlnir. → ValhǫllValhǫll
1. dwelling of Óðinn -
Bragi Rdr 12III
máni reiðar Ræs
‘a moon of the chariot of Rær’ = SHIELD
the chariot of Rær → SHIP
a moon of the SHIP → SHIELDshield
1.01. heavenly body of the ship -
Bragi Rdr 12III
reið Ræs
‘of the chariot of Rær’ = SHIP
the chariot of Rær → SHIPship, boat
4.3. chariot of the sea-king -
Bragi Troll 1III
Viðurs skapsmiðr
‘Viðurr’s mind-smith’ = POET
Viðurr’s mind, → POETRY
smith of the POETRY → POETpoet
3. smith of poetry -
Bragi Troll 1III
Viðurs skap
‘of Viðurr’s mind’ = POETRY
Viðurr’s mind, → POETRYpoetry
1.1.8. mind of Óðinn -
Bragi Troll 1III
Gauts gjafrǫtuðr
‘Gautr’s gift-getter’ = POET
Gautr’s gift, → POETRY
getter of the POETRY → POETpoet
2.07. finder of poetry -
Bragi Troll 1III
Gauts gjǫf
‘of Gautr’s gift’ = POETRY
Gautr’s gift, → POETRYpoetry
1.1.4. gift of Óðinn -
Bragi Troll 1III
Yggs ǫlberi
‘Yggr’s ale-server’ = POET
Yggr’s ale, → POETRY
server of the POETRY → POETpoet
2.05. reciter of poetry -
Bragi Troll 1III
Yggs ǫl
‘of Yggr’s ale’ = POETRY
Yggr’s ale, → POETRYpoetry
1.1.1. drink of Óðinn -
Bragi Troll 1III
skap-Móði óðs
‘creating-Móði of poetry’ = POET
creating-Móði of poetry, → POETpoet
1. god of poetry -
Bragi Troll 1III
hagsmiðr bragar
‘skilled smith of poetry’ = POET
skilled smith of poetry. → POETpoet
3. smith of poetry -
Bragi Þórr 1III
sonr aldafǫðrs
‘the son of mankind’s father’ = Þórr
mankind’s father → Óðinn
the son of ÓÐINN → ÞórrÞórr
2.2. son of Óðinn (C4a) -
Bragi Þórr 1III
aldafaðir
‘of mankind’s father’ = Óðinn
mankind’s father → ÓðinnÓðinn
7. father of mankind (C4b) -
Bragi Þórr 1III
reistr jarðar
‘the twisted thing of the earth’ = Miðgarðsormr
the twisted thing of the earth, → MiðgarðsormrMiðgarðsormr
1. surrounding object of the earth (A1b) -
Bragi Þórr 2III
arfi Viðris
‘of Viðrir’s heir’ = Þórr
Viðrir’s heir → ÞórrÞórr
2.2. son of Óðinn (C4a) -
Bragi Þórr 2III
andr Eynæfis
‘the ski of Eynæfir’ = SHIP
the ski of Eynæfir, → SHIPship, boat
2.2. ski of the sea-king -
Bragi Þórr 3III
œgir ǫflugbarða
‘the terrifier of ǫflugbarði’ = Þórr
The terrifier of Ǫflugbarði→ Þórr Þórr
1.1. defeater of the giants -
Bragi Þórr 3III
endiseiðr allra landa
‘the boundary-saithe of all lands’ = Miðgarðsormr
the boundary-saithe of all lands. → MiðgarðsormrMiðgarðsormr
1. surrounding object of the earth (A1b) -
Bragi Þórr 4III
inn ljóti hringr brautar borðróins barða
‘the ugly ring of the road of the side-rowed ship’ = Miðgarðsormr
the road of the side-rowed ship → SEA
the ugly ring of the SEA → MiðgarðsormrMiðgarðsormr
3. surrounding or elongate object of the sea (A1b) -
Bragi Þórr 4III
braut borðróins barða
‘of the road of the side-rowed ship’ = SEA
the road of the side-rowed ship → SEAsea
4.2. path of the ship -
Bragi Þórr 4III
haus-sprengir Hrungnis
‘the skull-splitter of Hrungnir <giant>’ = Þórr
the skull-splitter of Hrungnir <giant>. → ÞórrÞórr
1.1. defeater of the giants -
Bragi Þórr 5III
hrøkkviáll drekku Vǫlsunga
‘the coiling eel of the drink of the Vǫlsungar’ = Miðgarðsormr
the drink of the Vǫlsungar → POISON
the coiling eel of the POISON → MiðgarðsormrMiðgarðsormr
2.2. fish of poison (A1b) -
Bragi Þórr 5III
drekka Vǫlsunga
‘of the drink of the Vǫlsungar’ = POISON
the drink of the Vǫlsungar → POISONpoison
. drink of the Vǫlsungar -
Bragi Þórr 5III
fangboði flotna forns Litar
‘of the wrestling-challenger of the followers of ancient Litr’ = Þórr
the followers of ancient Litr. → GIANTS
the wrestling-challenger of GIANTS → ÞórrÞórr
1. enemy of the giant-race (C1a/C3a) -
Bragi Þórr 5III
flotnar forns Litar
‘of the followers of ancient Litr’ = GIANTS
the followers of ancient Litr. → GIANTSgiant
3.2. men of the giant -
Bragi Þórr 6III
byrsendir vágs
‘the wind-sender of the sea’ = GIANT = Hymir
The wind-sender of the sea → GIANT = Hymirgiant
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Bragi Þórr 6III
mjótygill mœrar máva
‘the slender string of the marshland of seagulls’ = FISHING LINE
the marshland of seagulls → SEA
the slender string of the SEA → FISHING LINEfishing-line
1. strap of the sea -
Bragi Þórr 6III
mœrr máva
‘of the marshland of seagulls’ = SEA
the marshland of seagulls → SEAsea
6.1. land of the aquatic bird