Rloð Lv 5VIII (Ragn 9)
Rory McTurk (ed.) 2017, ‘Ragnars saga loðbrókar 9 (Ragnarr loðbrók, Lausavísur 5)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 642.
Brynhildar ‘of Brynhildr’
(not checked:)
Brynhildr (noun f.): Brynhildr
[1] Brynhildar: ‘[…]hilld[…]’ 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
Brynhildar ‘of Brynhildr’
(not checked:)
Brynhildr (noun f.): Brynhildr
[1] Brynhildar: ‘[…]hilld[…]’ 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[1] líz ‘seems’: Third pers. sg. pres. tense of lítaz. Rafn (who was unaware of 147) and Vigfusson and Powell (who apparently did not make use of it) retain here the 1824b pret. reading leizt (‘seemed’), which makes tolerable but less good sense in the context; the pres. tense reading is adopted by all subsequent eds.
brögnum ‘to men’
(not checked:)
bragnar (noun m.): men, warriors
[1] brögnum: ‘bra(vg)num’(?) so 147, ‘baravgtunn’ 1824b
brún ‘brow’
(not checked:)
brún (noun f.; °; brýnn/-ir): brows < brúnsteinn (noun m.): brow-stone
[2] brúnstein hafa fránan: ‘(b)[…]st[…]fa (fr[…]an)’(?) 147
kennings
fránan brúnstein‘a glittering brow-stone ’
= EYE
a glittering brow-stone → EYE
notes
[2] fránan brúnstein ‘a glittering brow-stone [EYE]’: Cf. Ragn 8, Note to [All] and to ll. 5-8 (a).
stein ‘stone’
(not checked:)
steinn (noun m.; °steins; steinar): stone, colour < brúnsteinn (noun m.): brow-stone
[2] brúnstein hafa fránan: ‘(b)[…]st[…]fa (fr[…]an)’(?) 147
kennings
fránan brúnstein‘a glittering brow-stone ’
= EYE
a glittering brow-stone → EYE
notes
[2] fránan brúnstein ‘a glittering brow-stone [EYE]’: Cf. Ragn 8, Note to [All] and to ll. 5-8 (a).
hafa ‘to have’
(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have
[2] brúnstein hafa fránan: ‘(b)[…]st[…]fa (fr[…]an)’(?) 147
fránan ‘a glittering’
(not checked:)
2. fránn (adj.): bright, shining
[2] brúnstein hafa fránan: ‘(b)[…]st[…]fa (fr[…]an)’(?) 147
kennings
fránan brúnstein‘a glittering brow-stone ’
= EYE
a glittering brow-stone → EYE
notes
[2] fránan brúnstein ‘a glittering brow-stone [EYE]’: Cf. Ragn 8, Note to [All] and to ll. 5-8 (a).
d*óttur ‘of the daughter’
(not checked:)
dóttir (noun f.; °dóttur, dat. dóttur/dǿtr/dóttir, acc. dóttur/dóttir, nom. dóttir/dóttur; dǿtr, gen. dǿtra (cf. [$1592$])): daughter
[3] d*óttur: dróttar 1824b, ‘d[…]tt(ur)’(?) or ‘d[…]tt(ar)’(?) 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[3] d*óttur ‘of the daughter’: The present edn follows all previous eds in making this emendation.
d*óttur ‘of the daughter’
(not checked:)
dóttir (noun f.; °dóttur, dat. dóttur/dǿtr/dóttir, acc. dóttur/dóttir, nom. dóttir/dóttur; dǿtr, gen. dǿtra (cf. [$1592$])): daughter
[3] d*óttur: dróttar 1824b, ‘d[…]tt(ur)’(?) or ‘d[…]tt(ar)’(?) 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[3] d*óttur ‘of the daughter’: The present edn follows all previous eds in making this emendation.
mögr ‘son’
(not checked:)
mǫgr (noun m.; °; megir, acc. mǫgu): son, boy
[3] mögr inn dýri: ‘maurgh enn dyre’ 1824b, ‘m[…]gur enn dy(r)i’(?) 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[3] mögr ‘son’: Although neither 1824b nor 147 has this reading in full (see Readings, above), comparison of the readings in the two mss strongly suggests that mögr is the correct reading here, as do considerations of context.
inn ‘The’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
[3] mögr inn dýri: ‘maurgh enn dyre’ 1824b, ‘m[…]gur enn dy(r)i’(?) 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
dýri ‘noble’
(not checked:)
dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
[3] mögr inn dýri: ‘maurgh enn dyre’ 1824b, ‘m[…]gur enn dy(r)i’(?) 147
kennings
Inn dýri mögr d*óttur Brynhildar‘The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
the daughter of Brynhildr → Kráka/Áslaug
The noble son of KRÁKA/ÁSLAUG → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
dyggligast ‘a most steadfast’
(not checked:)
dyggligr (adj.): °proper, worthy, faithful, loyal
[4] dyggligast: ‘dyggl(í)g(as)t’(?) so 147, ‘dyggꜳst’ 1824b
hjarta ‘heart’
(not checked:)
hjarta (noun n.; °-; *-u): heart
[4] hjarta: ‘hi(arta)’(?) so (?) 147, ‘hiatꜳ’ 1824b
Sjá ‘This’
(not checked:)
1. sjá (pron.; °gen. þessa dat. þessum/þeima, acc. þenna; f. sjá/þessi; n. þetta, dat. þessu/þvísa; pl. þessir): this
[5] Sjá berr alla ýta: ‘sa berr all[…]’ 147
kennings
Sjá niðr Buðla,‘This descendant of Buðli, ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
This descendant of Buðli, → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
berr ‘surpasses’
(not checked:)
3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
[5] Sjá berr alla ýta: ‘sa berr all[…]’ 147
und ‘of the wound’
(not checked:)
1. und (noun f.; °; -ir): wound < undleygr (noun m.): [wound-flame]
[6] undleygs: ‘yndleygs’ 1824b, ‘[…]dl[…]gs’ 147
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] boði undleygs ‘a profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR]’: CPB and Ragn 1891 both read unnleygs ‘of the wave-flame [GOLD]’, here (cf. Anon Gyð 2/2VII), thus making Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr a generous dispenser of gold. This would certainly be consistent with what is said of him in ll. 7-8 (see below), but the ‑dl- spelling is confirmed by both 1824b and 147. While Rafn (FSN) retains the 1824b reading yndleygs, which does not yield a satisfactory meaning, all subsequent eds apart from CPB and Valdimar Ásmundarson (Ragn 1891) read undleygs. On kennings of the ‘wave-fire’ type for gold, see Turville-Petre (1976, xlix-l), and Clunies Ross (1987, 138-50).
und ‘of the wound’
(not checked:)
1. und (noun f.; °; -ir): wound < undleygr (noun m.): [wound-flame]
[6] undleygs: ‘yndleygs’ 1824b, ‘[…]dl[…]gs’ 147
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] boði undleygs ‘a profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR]’: CPB and Ragn 1891 both read unnleygs ‘of the wave-flame [GOLD]’, here (cf. Anon Gyð 2/2VII), thus making Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr a generous dispenser of gold. This would certainly be consistent with what is said of him in ll. 7-8 (see below), but the ‑dl- spelling is confirmed by both 1824b and 147. While Rafn (FSN) retains the 1824b reading yndleygs, which does not yield a satisfactory meaning, all subsequent eds apart from CPB and Valdimar Ásmundarson (Ragn 1891) read undleygs. On kennings of the ‘wave-fire’ type for gold, see Turville-Petre (1976, xlix-l), and Clunies Ross (1987, 138-50).
leygs ‘flame’
(not checked:)
1. leygr (noun m.): flame < undleygr (noun m.): [wound-flame]
[6] undleygs: ‘yndleygs’ 1824b, ‘[…]dl[…]gs’ 147
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] boði undleygs ‘a profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR]’: CPB and Ragn 1891 both read unnleygs ‘of the wave-flame [GOLD]’, here (cf. Anon Gyð 2/2VII), thus making Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr a generous dispenser of gold. This would certainly be consistent with what is said of him in ll. 7-8 (see below), but the ‑dl- spelling is confirmed by both 1824b and 147. While Rafn (FSN) retains the 1824b reading yndleygs, which does not yield a satisfactory meaning, all subsequent eds apart from CPB and Valdimar Ásmundarson (Ragn 1891) read undleygs. On kennings of the ‘wave-fire’ type for gold, see Turville-Petre (1976, xlix-l), and Clunies Ross (1987, 138-50).
leygs ‘flame’
(not checked:)
1. leygr (noun m.): flame < undleygr (noun m.): [wound-flame]
[6] undleygs: ‘yndleygs’ 1824b, ‘[…]dl[…]gs’ 147
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] boði undleygs ‘a profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR]’: CPB and Ragn 1891 both read unnleygs ‘of the wave-flame [GOLD]’, here (cf. Anon Gyð 2/2VII), thus making Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr a generous dispenser of gold. This would certainly be consistent with what is said of him in ll. 7-8 (see below), but the ‑dl- spelling is confirmed by both 1824b and 147. While Rafn (FSN) retains the 1824b reading yndleygs, which does not yield a satisfactory meaning, all subsequent eds apart from CPB and Valdimar Ásmundarson (Ragn 1891) read undleygs. On kennings of the ‘wave-fire’ type for gold, see Turville-Petre (1976, xlix-l), and Clunies Ross (1987, 138-50).
boði ‘profferer’
(not checked:)
boði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): messenger, breaker
[6] boði magni: ‘(b[…]di […]g)[…]’(?) 147
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] boði undleygs ‘a profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR]’: CPB and Ragn 1891 both read unnleygs ‘of the wave-flame [GOLD]’, here (cf. Anon Gyð 2/2VII), thus making Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr a generous dispenser of gold. This would certainly be consistent with what is said of him in ll. 7-8 (see below), but the ‑dl- spelling is confirmed by both 1824b and 147. While Rafn (FSN) retains the 1824b reading yndleygs, which does not yield a satisfactory meaning, all subsequent eds apart from CPB and Valdimar Ásmundarson (Ragn 1891) read undleygs. On kennings of the ‘wave-fire’ type for gold, see Turville-Petre (1976, xlix-l), and Clunies Ross (1987, 138-50).
magni ‘in strength’
(not checked:)
magn (noun n.; °-s): strength
[6] boði magni: ‘(b[…]di […]g)[…]’(?) 147
Buðla ‘of Buðli’
(not checked:)
Buðli (noun m.): Buðli
[7] Buðla niðr er baugi: ‘budla […]ur (er) b(a)ugí’(?) 147
kennings
Sjá niðr Buðla,‘This descendant of Buðli, ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
This descendant of Buðli, → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[7] niðr Buðla ‘descendant of Buðli [= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga]’: As the son of Áslaug, daughter of Brynhildr, Sigurðr ormr-í-auga is the great-grandson of Buðli, Brynhildr’s father.
niðr ‘descendant’
(not checked:)
1. niðr (noun m.; °-s; niðjar/niðir, acc. niði): son, kinsman, relative
[7] Buðla niðr er baugi: ‘budla […]ur (er) b(a)ugí’(?) 147
kennings
Sjá niðr Buðla,‘This descendant of Buðli, ’
= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
This descendant of Buðli, → Sigurðr ormr-í-auga
notes
[7] niðr Buðla ‘descendant of Buðli [= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga]’: As the son of Áslaug, daughter of Brynhildr, Sigurðr ormr-í-auga is the great-grandson of Buðli, Brynhildr’s father.
er ‘who’
(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when
[7] Buðla niðr er baugi: ‘budla […]ur (er) b(a)ugí’(?) 147
baugi ‘ring’
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baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring
[7] Buðla niðr er baugi: ‘budla […]ur (er) b(a)ugí’(?) 147
bráðgörr ‘a precocious’
(not checked:)
bráðgǫrr (adj.; °-van; superl. -vastr): easily ripened, precious
kennings
bráðgörr boði undleygs,‘a precocious profferer of the wound-flame, ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-flame, → SWORD
a precocious profferer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
rauðum ‘a red’
(not checked:)
rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
[8] rauðum (‘radum’): ‘(Rau)du(m)’(?) 147
notes
[8] rauðum ‘red’: An adj. frequently applied to gold and to rings in Old Norse poetry; see LP, LT: rauðr.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Brynhildar líz brögnum |
The noble son of the daughter of Brynhildr [= Kráka/Áslaug > = Sigurðr ormr-í-auga] seems to men to have a glittering brow-stone [EYE] and a most steadfast heart. This descendant of Buðli [= Sigurðr ormr-í-auga], a precocious profferer of the wound-flame [SWORD > WARRIOR], who hates a red ring, surpasses all men in strength.
After proffering to his infant son Sigurðr a gold ring on which the child appears to turn his back, Ragnarr recites this stanza, acknowledging that the child is the grandson of Brynhildr, daughter of Buðli.
[7-8]: The prose immediately preceding this stanza in 1824b, Ragn 1906-8, 136 (and apparently also in 147, Ragn 1906-8, 181), describes Ragnarr taking a gold finger-ring (gull) from his hand and giving it to his newborn son as a naming gift (ath nafnnfesti). When he proffers the ring, his hand comes into contact with the boy’s back (kemr vid bak sveininum), and Ragnarr interprets this as meaning that the child wishes to reject the ring (enn þat virdir Ragnar sva, sem han villde hata gullinu). This looks like a somewhat awkward attempt to explain the reference here to Sigurðr ‘hating’ a ring, which the X and Y redactors of the saga (as preserved respectively in 147 and 1824b) may not have understood. What seems to be implied is that Ragnarr’s son Sigurðr is in prospect a noble chieftain, who wins valuable rings in battle and ‘hates’ them in the sense of breaking them up in order to distribute them to his followers, in the manner of a hringbroti m. ‘ring-breaker’ (LP: hringbroti), i.e. a generous man. See LP: hata and hati ‘hater’ 1.
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