Útsteinn Útkv 7VIII (Hálf 47)
Hubert Seelow (ed.) 2017, ‘Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka 47 (Útsteinn Gunnlaðarson, Útsteinskviða 7)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 341.
Nú ‘Now’
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nú (adv.): now
em ‘have’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[1] em ek ‘I have’: The ms. reads er ek ‘I am’, showing the generalisation of the 3rd pers. sg. form of the pres. tense of the verb vera ‘be’ to the 1st pers. sg. form, which is characteristic of C14th and later Icelandic.
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
notes
[1] em ek ‘I have’: The ms. reads er ek ‘I am’, showing the generalisation of the 3rd pers. sg. form of the pres. tense of the verb vera ‘be’ to the 1st pers. sg. form, which is characteristic of C14th and later Icelandic.
inn ‘in’
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1. inn (adv.): in, inside
kominn ‘come’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
Úlfi ‘Úlfr’
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3. Ulfr (noun m.): Úlfr
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
segja ‘tell’
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segja (verb): say, tell
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
hans ‘his’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
synir ‘sons’
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sonr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. syni; synir, acc. sonu, syni): son
höggnir ‘slain’
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hǫggva (verb): to strike, put to death, cut, hew
liggja ‘lie’
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liggja (verb): lie
Nú ‘Now’
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nú (adv.): now
fari ‘go’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
Eysteinn ‘Eysteinn’
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Eysteinn (noun m.): Eysteinn
notes
[5] Eysteinn: According to the prose text, Eysteinn is a Danish king and a kinsman of Útsteinn’s (cf. Hálf 1981, 186). Útsteinn has taken refuge at his court.
ef ‘if’
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3. ef (conj.): if
fleiri ‘let more’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
freista ‘try’
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freista (verb): attempt, tempt
við ‘against’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
fleina ‘of spears’
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fleinn (noun m.; °dat. fleini): spear
kennings
við fleina,‘the tree of spears, ’
= WARRIOR = Útsteinn
the tree of spears, → WARRIOR = Útsteinn
við ‘the tree’
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1. viðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -u/-i): wood, tree
kennings
við fleina,‘the tree of spears, ’
= WARRIOR = Útsteinn
the tree of spears, → WARRIOR = Útsteinn
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The stanza is preceded by a short prose paragraph: Þá gengu þeir Úlfssynir ok Útsteinn út ok börðuzt. Hann drap alla Úlfssonu ok gekk síðan inn fyrir kóng ok kvað ‘Then Úlfr’s sons and Útsteinn went outside and fought. He killed all Úlfr’s sons and then went in before the king and said’.
[5-6]: There is no alliteration in these lines, and this is likely to have been caused by the introduction of the later form of the 2nd pers. pl. nom. pronoun þér rather than the older ér in l. 6. Most eds have normalised to the older form.
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