Þjóð Haustl 6III
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Þjóðólfr ór Hvini, Haustlǫng 6’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 440.
Ok ‘And’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
slíðr ‘horrib’
(not checked:)
3. slíðr (adj.): [horrib, dangerous] < slíðrliga (adv.)
síðan ‘then’
(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then
svangr ‘the hungry’
(not checked:)
2. svangr (adj.): hungry
kennings
svangr faðir Mǫrnar‘the hungry father of Mǫrn ’
= Þjazi
the hungry father of Mǫrn → Þjazi
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
fyr ‘ago’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
lǫngu ‘long’
(not checked:)
langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
eiki ‘the oak’
(not checked:)
eiki (noun n.): oak, oak ship < eikirót (noun f.)
rótum ‘roots’
(not checked:)
1. rót (noun f.; °-ar; rǿtr): root < eikirót (noun f.)
[3] ‑rótum: so Tˣ, ‘rot[…]’ R, rótu W
ok ‘the yoke’
(not checked:)
1. ok (noun n.; °; -): yoke < okbjǫrn (noun m.)
kennings
okbjǫrn‘the yoke-bear ’
= OX
the yoke-bear → OX
bjǫrn ‘bear’
(not checked:)
bjǫrn (noun m.; °bjarnar, dat. birni; birnir, acc. bjǫrnu): bear, Bjǫrn < okbjǫrn (noun m.)
kennings
okbjǫrn‘the yoke-bear ’
= OX
the yoke-bear → OX
faðir ‘father’
(not checked:)
faðir (noun m.): father
kennings
svangr faðir Mǫrnar‘the hungry father of Mǫrn ’
= Þjazi
the hungry father of Mǫrn → Þjazi
notes
[4] faðir Mǫrnar ‘father of Mǫrn <giantess> [= Þjazi]’: The same kenning for Þjazi occurs in st. 12/8. Þjazi’s only known daughter was Skaði, so it is possible that Mǫrn is another name for her. Alternatively, and more probably, it may be a general name for a giantess (see Þul Trollkvenna 3/5), and the form ‘morna’ found in both R and W at this point may possibly be gen. pl. ‘of giantesses’ (cf. Meissner 255). The stem vowel in the gen. sg. Mǫrnar must be an extension of the nom. Mǫrn, in which the ǫ resulted from u-umlaut of a. See also Note to Hfr Lv 3/3V (Hallfr 4). Skj B emends to Marnar.
kennings
svangr faðir Mǫrnar‘the hungry father of Mǫrn ’
= Þjazi
the hungry father of Mǫrn → Þjazi
notes
[4] faðir Mǫrnar ‘father of Mǫrn <giantess> [= Þjazi]’: The same kenning for Þjazi occurs in st. 12/8. Þjazi’s only known daughter was Skaði, so it is possible that Mǫrn is another name for her. Alternatively, and more probably, it may be a general name for a giantess (see Þul Trollkvenna 3/5), and the form ‘morna’ found in both R and W at this point may possibly be gen. pl. ‘of giantesses’ (cf. Meissner 255). The stem vowel in the gen. sg. Mǫrnar must be an extension of the nom. Mǫrn, in which the ǫ resulted from u-umlaut of a. See also Note to Hfr Lv 3/3V (Hallfr 4). Skj B emends to Marnar.
áðr ‘before’
(not checked:)
áðr (adv.; °//): before
djúp ‘the deep’
(not checked:)
djúpr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): deep < djúphugaðr (adj.): °profound, sagacious, perspicacious, shrewd, cunning
[5] djúp‑: drjúp Tˣ
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
hugaðr ‘minded’
(not checked:)
hugaðr (adj.) < djúphugaðr (adj.): °profound, sagacious, perspicacious, shrewd, cunning
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
dræpi ‘could strike’
(not checked:)
drepa (verb; °drepr; drap, drápu; drepinn): kill, strike
[5] dræpi (‘drępi’): so W, drepi R, Tˣ
notes
[5] dræpi ‘could strike’: Ms. W’s ‘drępi’ (3rd pers. sg. pret. subj.) is adopted here, rather than R, Tˣ’s drepi (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) The pret. subj. form of the verb is to be expected here, and in addition the long vowel is required in the cadence.
dolg ‘enemy’
(not checked:)
dolgr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): enemy, battle
kennings
ballastan dolg vallar‘the very bold enemy of the earth ’
= GIANT = Þjazi
the very bold enemy of the earth → GIANT = Þjazi
ballastan ‘the very bold’
(not checked:)
ballr (adj.): very bold, baleful
[6] ballastan: ‘ballastann’ Tˣ, ‘ballaðan’ W
kennings
ballastan dolg vallar‘the very bold enemy of the earth ’
= GIANT = Þjazi
the very bold enemy of the earth → GIANT = Þjazi
vallar ‘of the earth’
(not checked:)
vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field
kennings
ballastan dolg vallar‘the very bold enemy of the earth ’
= GIANT = Þjazi
the very bold enemy of the earth → GIANT = Þjazi
hirði ‘retaining’
(not checked:)
hirða (verb): hide, care for < hirðitýr (noun m.)
[7] hirði‑: so all others, ‘hirð[…]’ R
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
týr ‘god’
(not checked:)
týr (noun m.): god < hirðitýr (noun m.)
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
meðal ‘between’
(not checked:)
meðal (prep.): between
herða ‘the shoulders’
(not checked:)
herðr (noun f.; °-ar(Thom² 447¹³); -ar): shoulder
her ‘’
(not checked:)
herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host < herfang (noun n.): booty
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
fangs ‘of plunder’
(not checked:)
fang (noun n.; °-s; *-): grasp, tunic < herfang (noun n.): booty
[8] ‑fangs: ‑fang W
kennings
djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder ’
= Loki
the deep-minded retaining god of plunder → Loki
notes
[5, 7, 8] djúphugaðr hirðitýr herfangs ‘the deep-minded retaining god of plunder [= Loki]’: An unusual kenning, dependent, as a number of Haustl’s are, on the mythic narrative context. Loki is, probably ironically, described as ‘deep-minded’ because he tries to attack Þjazi with a pole (a plan that backfires), and he can be described as a hirðitýr ‘retaining god’ because he tries to keep the ox, which is stolen property or herfang ‘plunder, booty’, for himself and his divine companions.
stǫngu ‘with a pole’
(not checked:)
stǫng (noun f.; °stangar, dat. -u; stangir/stengr): pole
[8] stǫngu: so Tˣ, ‘strongv’ with first three letters overwritten from something else R, stungu W
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
As for st. 1.
According to the prose narrative in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 1), Loki became very angry when Þjazi devoured so much of the ox, and snatched up a long pole, driving it with all his strength at the body of the giant in eagle form.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.