Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorkell hamarskáld, Magnússdrápa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 410-11.
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2. draga (verb; °dregr; dró, drógu; dreginn/droget(Hirð NKS 1642 4° 146v²⁹; cf. [$962$])): drag, pull, draw
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[1] sínar sveitir: sinnar sveitar FskBˣ
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sveit (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): host, company
[1] sínar sveitir: sinnar sveitar FskBˣ
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saman (adv.): together
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stórhugaðr (adj./verb p.p.): [Great-spirited]
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Þórir (noun m.): Þórir
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heldr (adv.): rather
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[3] vôrut: vru 39, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, FskBˣ, FskAˣ
[3] þau: þá Hr
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hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
[3] hauldum ‘for the freeholders’: See Note to Anon Nkt 15/2.
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hagligr (adj.): proper, convenient
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ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress.
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1. fregna (verb): hear of
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress.
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3. á (prep.): on, at
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress.
[5] þvís (‘þvi er’): því 39
[5, 8] urpu steini of afl sér ‘threw a stone beyond their strength’: The expression ‘to throw a stone beyond one’s strength’ (i.e. ‘to take on more than one can handle’) is also found in Eg (ÍF 2, 198): at þú, Egill, munir hafa kastat steini um megn þér í yðrum skiptum ‘that you, Egill, may have thrown a stone beyond your strength as far as your dealings are concerned’.
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endr (adv.): formerly, once, again
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress. — [6] endr ‘formerly’: Skj B takes this adv. with the second cl., which creates an awkward tripartite l. (see NN §1150).
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endr (adv.): formerly, once, again
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress. — [6] endr ‘formerly’: Skj B takes this adv. with the second cl., which creates an awkward tripartite l. (see NN §1150).
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1. Skjalgr (noun m.): Skjálgr
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vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
[6] vinum: vinir E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ
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lendr (adj.): landed
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[7] við: so H, Hr, F, Kˣ, 39, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, FskBˣ, ‘[...]’ Mork, viðr FskAˣ
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1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle < morðvalr (noun m.)
[7] brynni morðvals ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR]’: The variant brynni morðhauks ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-hawk’ (so Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ) is possible and has been adopted in Skj B and Skald. But it is less preferable from a metrical point of view (heavy dip in position 4), and the other ms. witnesses show that it is a Hkr innovation.
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1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle < morðvalr (noun m.)
[7] brynni morðvals ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR]’: The variant brynni morðhauks ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-hawk’ (so Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ) is possible and has been adopted in Skj B and Skald. But it is less preferable from a metrical point of view (heavy dip in position 4), and the other ms. witnesses show that it is a Hkr innovation.
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2. valr (noun m.; °-s): falcon < morðvalr (noun m.)
[7] ‑vals: ‑hauks Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, ‑haugs 39, hvals FskBˣ
[7] brynni morðvals ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR]’: The variant brynni morðhauks ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-hawk’ (so Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ) is possible and has been adopted in Skj B and Skald. But it is less preferable from a metrical point of view (heavy dip in position 4), and the other ms. witnesses show that it is a Hkr innovation.
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2. valr (noun m.; °-s): falcon < morðvalr (noun m.)
[7] ‑vals: ‑hauks Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, ‑haugs 39, hvals FskBˣ
[7] brynni morðvals ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR]’: The variant brynni morðhauks ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-hawk’ (so Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ) is possible and has been adopted in Skj B and Skald. But it is less preferable from a metrical point of view (heavy dip in position 4), and the other ms. witnesses show that it is a Hkr innovation.
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brynnir (noun m.): [thirst-quencher]
[7] brynni: brynju 42ˣ
[7] brynni morðvals ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR]’: The variant brynni morðhauks ‘the thirst-quencher of the strife-hawk’ (so Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ) is possible and has been adopted in Skj B and Skald. But it is less preferable from a metrical point of view (heavy dip in position 4), and the other ms. witnesses show that it is a Hkr innovation.
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mein (noun n.; °-s; -): harm, injury
[5, 8] frák snǫrp mein … endr á ‘I heard that great harm … formerly befell’: Lit. ‘I heard that great harm … [was] present for’. Á lit. ‘on’ carries alliteration (and full stress) and is therefore used adverbially here, with the suppressed verb vera ‘be’. For the verb-adv. collocation vera á ‘be present’, see Fritzner: vera á. Skj B reads frák snǫrp mein á því (‘I heard that great harm [resulted] from it’) treating á as a prep. (á því ‘from it’; so also Skald; ÍF 28; ÍF 29). That reading is unlikely, because monosyllabic proclitic prepositions do not otherwise receive full stress.
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
[5, 8] urpu steini of afl sér ‘threw a stone beyond their strength’: The expression ‘to throw a stone beyond one’s strength’ (i.e. ‘to take on more than one can handle’) is also found in Eg (ÍF 2, 198): at þú, Egill, munir hafa kastat steini um megn þér í yðrum skiptum ‘that you, Egill, may have thrown a stone beyond your strength as far as your dealings are concerned’.
[5, 8] urpu steini of afl sér ‘threw a stone beyond their strength’: The expression ‘to throw a stone beyond one’s strength’ (i.e. ‘to take on more than one can handle’) is also found in Eg (ÍF 2, 198): at þú, Egill, munir hafa kastat steini um megn þér í yðrum skiptum ‘that you, Egill, may have thrown a stone beyond your strength as far as your dealings are concerned’.
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
[5, 8] urpu steini of afl sér ‘threw a stone beyond their strength’: The expression ‘to throw a stone beyond one’s strength’ (i.e. ‘to take on more than one can handle’) is also found in Eg (ÍF 2, 198): at þú, Egill, munir hafa kastat steini um megn þér í yðrum skiptum ‘that you, Egill, may have thrown a stone beyond your strength as far as your dealings are concerned’.
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steinn (noun m.; °steins; steinar): stone, colour
[5, 8] urpu steini of afl sér ‘threw a stone beyond their strength’: The expression ‘to throw a stone beyond one’s strength’ (i.e. ‘to take on more than one can handle’) is also found in Eg (ÍF 2, 198): at þú, Egill, munir hafa kastat steini um megn þér í yðrum skiptum ‘that you, Egill, may have thrown a stone beyond your strength as far as your dealings are concerned’.
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Vítt dró sínar sveitir |
Great-spirited Þórir gathered his companies far and wide with Egill; those ventures were not very convenient for the freeholders. I heard that great harm formerly befell Skjálgr’s friends because the district chieftains threw a stone beyond their strength against the thirst-quencher of the strife-falcon [RAVEN/EAGLE > WARRIOR].
The uprising against Magnús in 1094, spearheaded by the district chieftains Steigar-Þórir Þórðarson, Egill Áskelsson (or Ásláksson) and Skjálgr.
For Þórir and Egill, see SteigÞ Biography and Note to Kv 1/1. Skjálgr is identified as ‘Skjálgr af Jaðri’ (‘Skjálgr from Jæren’) in Mork and Fsk (see Mork 1928-32, 299; ÍF 29, 303), which suggests that he could have been a descendant of the powerful chieftain Erlingr Skjálgsson af Sóla (d. 1028) who had a son named Skjálgr. The present Skjálgr is otherwise unknown, however, and Hkr merely calls him ‘a powerful and wealthy man’ (maðr, ríkr ok auðigr; ÍF 28, 214). — [6-7] lendir menn ‘the district chieftains’: Lit. ‘landed men’. These were men who had been appointed by the king to serve as judicial administrators over one or more districts, men who held land in fief from the king. See also BjKálfs Lv, Anon Nkt 29 and Ólhv Hryn 2.
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