ÞGísl Búdr 6I
Emily Lethbridge (ed.) 2012, ‘Þorkell Gíslason, Búadrápa 6’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 947.
Neytti ‘used’
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njóta (verb): enjoy, use
herr ‘The troop’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
handa ‘its hands’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
hríð ‘the storm’
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hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm
kennings
hríð branda‘the storm of blades ’
= BATTLE
the storm of blades → BATTLE
vas ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
snǫrp ‘fierce’
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snarpr (adj.): sharp, keen
branda ‘of blades’
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brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire
kennings
hríð branda‘the storm of blades ’
= BATTLE
the storm of blades → BATTLE
fúst ‘eager’
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fúss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): eager, willing
notes
[3] fár randa vas fúst ‘the harm of shields [SWORD] was eager’: There is slight personification of a sword here and in st. 11/4; perhaps also in sungu ‘sang’, l. 7 below.
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[3] fár randa vas fúst ‘the harm of shields [SWORD] was eager’: There is slight personification of a sword here and in st. 11/4; perhaps also in sungu ‘sang’, l. 7 below.
fár ‘the harm’
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2. fár (noun n.; °-s): harm, danger
kennings
fár randa‘the harm of shields ’
= SWORD
the harm of shields → SWORD
notes
[3] fár randa vas fúst ‘the harm of shields [SWORD] was eager’: There is slight personification of a sword here and in st. 11/4; perhaps also in sungu ‘sang’, l. 7 below.
randa ‘of shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
kennings
fár randa‘the harm of shields ’
= SWORD
the harm of shields → SWORD
notes
[3] fár randa vas fúst ‘the harm of shields [SWORD] was eager’: There is slight personification of a sword here and in st. 11/4; perhaps also in sungu ‘sang’, l. 7 below.
til ‘for’
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til (prep.): to
fjǫrnis ‘of the helmet’
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fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet
[4] fjǫrnis: so 53, 54, Fjǫlnis 61, Bb
kennings
landa fjǫrnis.‘the lands of the helmet. ’
= HEADS
the lands of the helmet. → HEADS
notes
[4] landa fjǫrnis ‘the lands of the helmet [HEADS]’: (a) The reading of 53 and 54, fjǫrnis ‘of the helmet’, is adopted here (as in Wisén 1870, 64, Skj B, Skald and Ólafur Halldórsson 2000). It yields a well-paralleled head-kenning (Meissner 127) which is also echoed in st. 7/8 stǫllum fjǫrnis ‘supports of the helmet’. (b) ‘Fiolnis’ in 61 and Bb would be gen. sg. of Fjǫlnir, a heiti for Óðinn, whose landa ‘lands’ could be Valhǫll, the home of the dead warriors chosen by Óðinn, and Meissner 426 does list two kennings referring to Valhǫll as Óðinn’s dwelling. However, a statement that swords desired Valhǫll would make little sense.
landa ‘the lands’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
kennings
landa fjǫrnis.‘the lands of the helmet. ’
= HEADS
the lands of the helmet. → HEADS
notes
[4] landa fjǫrnis ‘the lands of the helmet [HEADS]’: (a) The reading of 53 and 54, fjǫrnis ‘of the helmet’, is adopted here (as in Wisén 1870, 64, Skj B, Skald and Ólafur Halldórsson 2000). It yields a well-paralleled head-kenning (Meissner 127) which is also echoed in st. 7/8 stǫllum fjǫrnis ‘supports of the helmet’. (b) ‘Fiolnis’ in 61 and Bb would be gen. sg. of Fjǫlnir, a heiti for Óðinn, whose landa ‘lands’ could be Valhǫll, the home of the dead warriors chosen by Óðinn, and Meissner 426 does list two kennings referring to Valhǫll as Óðinn’s dwelling. However, a statement that swords desired Valhǫll would make little sense.
Fellu ‘fell’
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falla (verb): fall
flein ‘Spear’
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fleinn (noun m.; °dat. fleini): spear < fleinbǫrr (noun m.)
kennings
Fleinbǫrvar‘Spear-trees ’
= WARRIORS
Spear-trees → WARRIORS
kennings
Fleinbǫrvar‘Spear-trees ’
= WARRIORS
Spear-trees → WARRIORS
flugu ‘flew’
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fljúga (verb): fly
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
streng ‘the bowstring’
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strengr (noun m.; °-jar; -ir): string, rope, bow-string
ǫrvar ‘arrows’
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ǫr (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; ǫrvar/ǫrar): arrow
sungu ‘sang’
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syngja (verb): sing
hôtt ‘loudly’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
hjǫrvar ‘swords’
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hjǫrr (noun m.): sword
við ‘against’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
hlífar ‘shields’
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hlíf (noun f.; °-ar; -ar): shield, defence
gǫrvar ‘readied’
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1. gera (verb): do, make
notes
[8] gǫrvar ‘readied’: The exact sense of the adj. (etymologically ‘made’ from gørva ‘make’, hence often ‘complete’) is uncertain. Finnur Jónsson in Skj B translates udmærkede ‘excellent, distinguished’, and in LP fuldstærke ‘very strong’ (LP: gǫrr 1). The present translation assumes the common sense ‘ready (for)’. Although most skaldic examples of this are completed by a gen. phrase, til ‘for’ + noun, or at ‘to’ + inf., there are absolute examples (LP: gǫrr 4).
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The furious battle between the Jómsvíkingar and Hákon jarl and his forces continues.
The end-rhyme extends through each of the two helmingar, rather than being restricted to couplets; see Introduction.
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