Steinn Herdísarson, Óláfsdrápa 4

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Steinn Óldr 4^II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Óláfsdrápa 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 370-1.

Steinn Herdísarson Óláfsdrápa

3 4 5

Fylkir ‘ lord’

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fylkir (noun m.): leader

lét ‘set’

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láta (verb): let, have sth done

notes

[1] lét ‘set in motion’: For láta (lét 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic.) in the meaning ‘set (a ship) in motion’, see Fritzner: ‘láta 5. Skj B connects lét with í haf ‘out to sea’ (l. 3) ‘set out to sea’, but the resulting w. o. (a tripartite l.) is not attested otherwise (see NN §806, 880). To avoid treating láta as a full verb, Kock (NN §888; Skald) emends in fljótu (n. acc. pl.) ‘the swift’ to enn fljóta (adv. + inf.) ‘again float’ and reads fylkir lét enn flaust fljóta ‘the lord again let the ships float’. Aside from the emendations, it is unlikely that the adv. enn ‘yet’, which falls in a dip, would be stressed less strongly than the auxiliary lét ‘let’ in the preceding lift.

[3] þars (‘þar er’): þar Hr

heitir ‘called’

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2. heita (verb): be called, promise

Hrafnseyrr ‘Ravenseer’

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Hrafnseyrr (noun f.): [Ravenseer]

notes

[4] Hrafnseyrr ‘Ravenseer’: Formerly Ravenseer or Ravenspurn, now Spurn Head, the promontory at the mouth of the River Humber.

konungr ‘king’

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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

stafni ‘the prow’

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stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow

Trôðu ‘trod’

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troða (verb): tread

[5] Trôðu: ‘tiadu’ Flat

borð ‘gunwale-’

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borð (noun n.; °-s; -): side, plank, board; table < borðvegr (noun m.): °bulwark, ship’s side

[5] borð‑: ‘nord’ Flat

kennings

breiðan borðveg;
‘the broad gunwale-road; ’
= SEA
the broad gunwale-road; → SEA

notes

[5] borðveg ‘gunwale-road’: Skj B and Skald emend to borðvigg ‘gunwale-steeds’ and read borðvigg trðu breiðan brimsgang (so Hr) ‘the gunwale-steeds (i. e. ships) trod on the broad breaker-road (i.e. sea)’ (ll. 5, 6). However, gangr ‘motion, speed’ in the meaning ‘road’ is otherwise unattested (see Fritzner: gangr; LP: brimsgangr; gangr), and the acc. in Hr (brimgang) is secondary.

veg ‘road’

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1. vegr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar/-ir, gen. -a/-na, acc. -a/-i/-u): way, path, side < borðvegr (noun m.): °bulwark, ship’s side

kennings

breiðan borðveg;
‘the broad gunwale-road; ’
= SEA
the broad gunwale-road; → SEA

notes

breiðan ‘the broad’

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breiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): broad, wide

kennings

breiðan borðveg;
‘the broad gunwale-road; ’
= SEA
the broad gunwale-road; → SEA

brims ‘the rough sea’

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brim (noun n.): surf < brimsgangr (noun m.): [surf-speed]

[6] brimsgangr: ‘Bíns gangr’ Flat, brimgang Hr

gangr ‘’

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gangr (noun m.): going, walking; course; success < brimsgangr (noun m.): [surf-speed]

[6] brimsgangr: ‘Bíns gangr’ Flat, brimgang Hr

skipa ‘ships’

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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship

langra ‘of the long’

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langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long

óðr ‘the raging’

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2. óðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): raging, furious

fell ‘poured’

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falla (verb): fall

sær ‘ocean’

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sjór (noun m.): sea

of ‘over’

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3. of (prep.): around, from; too

súðir ‘sides’

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súð (noun f.; °-ar; gen. -a): planking, ship

notes

[7] súðir ‘the sides’: See Note to Hharð Gamv 2/2.

Sik ‘Himself’

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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)

beztan ‘best’

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betri (adj. comp.; °superl. beztr/baztr; pos. góðr adj.): better, best

gram ‘ruler’

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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

miklu ‘the very’

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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

Sts 4-5 describe Óláfr Haraldsson’s journey (1066-7) from England to Norway via Orkney after the battle of Stamford Bridge.

After the defeat and massacre at Stamford Bridge, Harold Godwineson gave Óláfr permission to leave England in the company of Páll, jarl of Orkney. They left on twenty-four ships with the remainder of the Norw. army (see ASC D s. a. 1066). — [8]: For this part of the split refrain (klofastef), see Note to st. 1/8.

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Steinn Óldr 4II

Fylkir ‘ lord’

lét ‘set’

notes

in ‘the swift’

fljótu ‘ships’

flaust ‘in motion’

es ‘when’

leið ‘it drew close’

at ‘to’

hausti ‘autumn’

skaut ‘pushed’

í ‘out to’

haf ‘sea’

þars ‘at the place’

heitir ‘called’

Hrafnseyrr ‘Ravenseer’

notes

konungr ‘king’

stafni ‘the prow’

Trôðu ‘trod’

borð ‘gunwale-’

kennings

notes

veg ‘road’

kennings

notes

breiðan ‘the broad’

kennings

brims ‘the rough sea’

gangr ‘’

skipa ‘ships’

langra ‘of the long’

óðr ‘the raging’

fell ‘poured’

sær ‘ocean’

of ‘over’

súðir ‘sides’

notes

Sik ‘Himself’

beztan ‘best’

gram ‘ruler’

miklu ‘the very’

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Steinn Óldr 4^II