Kennings — Þjóðólfr Arnórsson Sexstefja
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ÞjóðA Sex 1II
hlífél
‘a shield-storm’ = BATTLE
a shield-storm → BATTLEbattle
1.2.1.2. shower of shields -
ÞjóðA Sex 1II
brennir Bolgara
‘the burner of Bulgars’ = Haraldr
the burner of Bulgars → HaraldrHaraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people -
ÞjóðA Sex 1II
hjalmsetr
‘helmet-stand’ = HEAD
helmet-stand. → HEADhead
2.2. rest or support of headgear (A1b and A3) -
ÞjóðA Sex 2II
—ungr hǫtuðr tandrauðs ormtorgs
‘—the young hater of the flame-red dragon-square’ = RULER
the flame-red dragon-square → GOLD
—the young hater of the GOLD → RULERgenerous man
1.06. hater of wealth -
ÞjóðA Sex 2II
tandrauðs ormtorg
‘of the flame-red dragon-square’ = GOLD
the flame-red dragon-square → GOLDgold
3.1.3. path of the serpent (A3) -
ÞjóðA Sex 2II
herskorðuðr
‘the troop-supporter’ = WARRIOR
the troop-supporter, → WARRIORwarrior
4.3.4. supporter of the army -
ÞjóðA Sex 2II
harðan leikr Hildar
‘the harsh sport of Hildr’ = BATTLE
the harsh sport of Hildr → BATTLEbattle
4.2. play of Hildr -
ÞjóðA Sex 3II
skyndir dolgljóss
‘the speeder of battle-light’ = WARRIOR
battle-light → SWORD
the speeder of the SWORD → WARRIORwarrior
1.7.01.4. hastener of the weapon -
ÞjóðA Sex 3II
dolgljós
‘of battle-light’ = SWORD
battle-light → SWORDsword
1.2.1. light of battle -
ÞjóðA Sex 3II
ómynda elja Rindar
‘the rival of Rindr lacking bride-payment’ = Jǫrð
the rival of Rindr lacking bride-payment. → JǫrðJǫrð
3. rival of Rindr (C3a) -
ÞjóðA Sex 3II
haglfaldinni mær Ánars
‘the hail-coifed maiden of Ánarr’ = Jǫrð
the hail-coifed maiden of Ánarr → JǫrðJǫrð
2. woman of Ánarr/Ónarr (C3a or C4a) -
ÞjóðA Sex 7II
eyðir sútar heiðingja
‘the destroyer of the care of the wolf [lit. heath-goer]’ = WARRIOR
The destroyer of the care of the wolf [lit. heath-goer] → WARRIORwarrior
3.2.2. gladdener of the wolf -
ÞjóðA Sex 7II
eyðir sútar
‘the destroyer of the care’ = GLADDENER
The destroyer of the care → GLADDENERgladdener
1. destroyer of the sorrow -
ÞjóðA Sex 7II
allvaldr egða
‘the overlord of the egðir’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The overlord of the Egðir → NORWEGIAN KING = HaraldrNorwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians -
ÞjóðA Sex 7II
stillir Girkja
‘the ruler of the Greeks’ = Michael
the ruler of the Greeks → MichaelMichael V Kalaphates
2. lord of the Greeks -
ÞjóðA Sex 8II
hneykir hertoga
‘the confounder of war-leaders’ = RULER
the confounder of war-leaders → RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.4. defeater of people -
ÞjóðA Sex 8II
herfingnum skunduðr haugs
‘the war-captured impeller of the mound’ = GENEROUS RULER
the war-captured impeller of the mound; → GENEROUS RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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ÞjóðA Sex 10II
sonr Ôleifs
‘Óláfr’s son’ = Magnús
Óláfr’s son → MagnúsMagnús I inn góði Óláfsson (r. 1035-47)
1.1. son of Óláfr Haraldsson -
ÞjóðA Sex 11II
hjaldr-vitjuðr
‘of the battle-frequenter’ = WARRIOR
the battle-frequenter → WARRIORwarrior
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ÞjóðA Sex 11II
dýrum dolgstœrandi
‘the excellent war-sweller’ = WARRIOR
the excellent war-sweller. → WARRIORwarrior
2.5.1. increaser / strengthener of battle -
ÞjóðA Sex 11II
feitir folkstara
‘to the fattener of the war-starling’ = WARRIOR
the war-starling; → RAVEN
to the fattener of the RAVEN → WARRIORwarrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield -
ÞjóðA Sex 11II
folkstari
‘of the war-starling’ = RAVEN
the war-starling; → RAVENraven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 13II
lystr, varghollr veitir vingjafa
‘the eager, wolf-gracious bestower of friendly gifts’ = GENEROUS RULER
The eager, wolf-gracious bestower of friendly gifts → GENEROUS RULERgenerous man
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ÞjóðA Sex 14II
nýtr ráðandi manndáða
‘the excellent performer of manly deeds’ = RULER
The excellent performer of manly deeds → RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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ÞjóðA Sex 15II
gjald Finna
‘the tribute of the Saami’ = ARROWS
the tribute of the Saami → ARROWSarrow
4.2. payment of the Saami -
ÞjóðA Sex 16II
hraustum fœðir døkks hrafns
‘the bold feeder of the dark raven’ = WARRIOR = Sveinn
the bold feeder of the dark raven → WARRIOR = Sveinnwarrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield -
ÞjóðA Sex 16II
konungr Jóta
‘of the king of the Jótar’ = DANISH KING = Sveinn
the king of the Jótar → DANISH KING = SveinnDanish king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Danes -
ÞjóðA Sex 16II
snjǫllum skerðir hrings
‘for the valiant damager of the ring’ = GENEROUS MAN
for the valiant damager of the ring → GENEROUS MANgenerous man
1.01.2. destroyer of rings -
ÞjóðA Sex 17II
gegnan gramr Sogns
‘the upright lord of Sogn’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the upright lord of Sogn → NORWEGIAN KING = HaraldrNorwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.2. ruler of Norway -
ÞjóðA Sex 20II
hleypikjóll hæls
‘the speeding ships of the heel’ = SHOES
the speeding ships of the heel → SHOESshoe
1. ship of the foot -
ÞjóðA Sex 21II
hneykir Holmbúa
‘the confounder of the Island-dwellers’ = Haraldr
The confounder of the Island-dwellers → HaraldrHaraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people -
ÞjóðA Sex 21II
hár hrótgarmr
‘the towering roof-hound’ = FIRE
the towering roof-hound → FIREfire, flame
2.1. dog of wood -
ÞjóðA Sex 22II
hristir hertoga
‘the shaker of war-leaders’ = RULER
the shaker of war-leaders → RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
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ÞjóðA Sex 22II
galli Hôolfs
‘of the destruction of Hálfr’ = FIRE
the destruction of Hálfr → FIREfire, flame
5. harm of Hálfr -
ÞjóðA Sex 23II
fylkir hǫrða
‘the ruler of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
The ruler of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = HaraldrNorwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians -
ÞjóðA Sex 24II
aldyggr eyðir Selundbyggva
‘the most excellent destroyer of Sjælland-dwellers’ = Haraldr
The most excellent destroyer of Sjælland-dwellers → HaraldrHaraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
2. defeater of foreign people -
ÞjóðA Sex 25II
hljótandi sverðs
‘the possessors of the sword’ = WARRIORS
The possessors of the sword → WARRIORSwarrior
1.7.20. possessor of the weapon -
ÞjóðA Sex 26II
vekjandi hjaldrs snekkju
‘the rouser of the warship’s battle’ = WARRIOR
The rouser of the warship’s battle → WARRIORwarrior
2.5.3.1. awakener of battle -
ÞjóðA Sex 27II
ǫrð burðar Yrsu
‘with the grain of the offspring of Yrsa’ = GOLD
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr kraki
with the grain of HRÓLFR KRAKI → GOLDgold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1) -
ÞjóðA Sex 27II
burðr Yrsu
‘of the offspring of Yrsa’ = Hrólfr kraki
the offspring of Yrsa → Hrólfr krakiHrólfr kraki
. descendant of Yrsa -
ÞjóðA Sex 27II
bjartplógaðan brattakr vǫluspakra bauga
‘the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings’ = ARM
the bright-ploughed steep field of joint-calm rings → ARMarm, hand
2.1. place of the ring (A3) -
ÞjóðA Sex 27II
ljósu barr Kraka
‘bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’)’ = GOLD
bright barley of Kraki (‘Pole-ladder’) → GOLDgold
9.3.1. grain of Hrólfr kraki (A1) -
ÞjóðA Sex 27II
kalfa hauks
‘territories of the hawk’ = ARMS
territories of the hawk, → ARMSarm, hand
1.1.1. land of the bird of prey (A3) -
ÞjóðA Sex 28II
hveiti hræteinn
‘wheat of carrion-twigs’ = SPEARS
wheat of carrion-twigs → SPEARSspear
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ÞjóðA Sex 28II
Yggjar valbygg
‘Yggr’s falcon-barley’ = CORPSES
the falcon of Yggr → RAVEN
the barley of the RAVEN → CORPSEScorpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle -
ÞjóðA Sex 28II
Yggjar valr
‘of the falcon of Yggr’ = RAVEN
the falcon of Yggr → RAVENraven
1.1. bird of Óðinn (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
blóðorri
‘the blood-grouse’ = RAVEN
the blood-grouse → RAVENraven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
barr ara
‘the eagle’s barley’ = CORPSES
the eagle’s barley; → CORPSEScorpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
konungr hǫrða
‘the king of the hǫrðar’ = NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr
the king of the Hǫrðar → NORWEGIAN KING = HaraldrNorwegian king, ruler, jarl
1.1. ruler of the Norwegians -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
sigð Gauts
‘the sickle of Gautr’ = SWORD
the sickle of Gautr → SWORDsword
10.5. tool of Óðinn -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
ǫrð svans sveita
‘the corn of the swan of blood’ = CORPSES
the swan of blood. → RAVEN
the corn of the RAVEN → CORPSEScorpse, slain
1.1. food of the raven/eagle -
ÞjóðA Sex 29II
svanr sveita
‘of the swan of blood’ = RAVEN
the swan of blood. → RAVENraven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 30II
greddir hrægamms sævar ara
‘the feeder of the corpse-vulture of the sea of the eagle’ = WARRIOR
the sea of the eagle → BLOOD
the corpse-vulture of the BLOOD → RAVEN
The feeder of the RAVEN → WARRIORwarrior
3.1.01. feeder of the bird of battlefield -
ÞjóðA Sex 30II
hrægammr sævar ara
‘of the corpse-vulture of the sea of the eagle’ = RAVEN
the sea of the eagle → BLOOD
the corpse-vulture of the BLOOD → RAVENraven/eagle
1.2. bird of blood (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 30II
sjór ara
‘of the sea of the eagle’ = BLOOD
the sea of the eagle → BLOODblood
1.5.1. liquid of the raven/eagle (A2) -
ÞjóðA Sex 31II
sonr Sigvorðar
‘the son of Sigurðr’ = Haraldr
the son of Sigurðr → HaraldrHaraldr III harðráði Sigurðarson (r. 1046-66)
1.1. son of Sigurðr sýr -
ÞjóðA Sex 32II
hár, hugreifr stjóri hirðar
‘the tall, mind-cheerful commander of the retinue’ = RULER
The tall, mind-cheerful commander of the retinue → RULERchieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.1. lord of people