Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 51

Katrina Attwood

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Gamlkan Has 51^VII

Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 51’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 118.

Gamli kanóki Harmsól

50 51 52

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

seggja ‘of men’

(not checked:)
seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

sveitar ‘of the company’

(not checked:)
sveit (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): host, company

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

sveitar ‘of the company’

(not checked:)
sveit (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): host, company

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

sinn ‘his’

(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)

postola ‘Apostle’

(not checked:)
postuli (noun m.; °-a; -ar): apostle

finna ‘to feel’

(not checked:)
2. finna (verb): find, meet

raun ‘experience’

(not checked:)
raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience

notes

[3] raun lýsir þat ‘experience shows that’: Cf. 43/3, where the intercalated phrase is raun finna þess ‘[men] gain experience of that’.

lýsir ‘shows’

(not checked:)
2. lýsa (verb): illuminate, show

notes

[3] raun lýsir þat ‘experience shows that’: Cf. 43/3, where the intercalated phrase is raun finna þess ‘[men] gain experience of that’.

þat ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

notes

[3] raun lýsir þat ‘experience shows that’: Cf. 43/3, where the intercalated phrase is raun finna þess ‘[men] gain experience of that’.

ræsir ‘king’

(not checked:)
ræsir (noun m.): ruler

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

ríkr ‘the powerful’

(not checked:)
ríkr (adj.): mighty, powerful, rich

kennings

ríkr ræsir sveitar seggja
‘the powerful king of the company of men ’
= God
the company of men → MANKIND
the powerful king of the MANKIND → God

ó ‘weaknesses’

(not checked:)
ó- ((prefix)): un- < óstyrkð (noun f.): weakness

[4] óstyrkðir: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘os[...]kter’ B

styrkðir ‘’

(not checked:)
styrkð (noun f.; °-ar): [nesses] < óstyrkð (noun f.): weakness

[4] óstyrkðir: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘os[...]kter’ B

slíkar ‘such’

(not checked:)
2. slíkr (adj.): such

at ‘so that’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

bæri ‘have’

(not checked:)
bara (noun f.; °*-u; *-ur): [pushed, have]

mun ‘considerably’

(not checked:)
munr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -/-i; -ir, acc. -i): mind, pleasure

meiri ‘greater’

(not checked:)
meiri (adj. comp.; °meiran; superl. mestr): more, most

[5] meiri: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]eire’ B

malm ‘sword’

(not checked:)
malmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): metal < malmrunnr (noun m.)

kennings

malmrunnum,
‘sword-trees, ’
= WARRIORS
sword-trees, → WARRIORS

runnum ‘trees’

(not checked:)
runnr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): bush, tree < malmrunnr (noun m.)

kennings

malmrunnum,
‘sword-trees, ’
= WARRIORS
sword-trees, → WARRIORS

várkunnir ‘compassion’

(not checked:)
várkunn (noun f.): compassion

menn ‘men’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

þótt ‘even though’

(not checked:)
þó (adv.): though

mis ‘sins’

(not checked:)
mis (noun ?): mis- < misgera (verb): do wrongly

gǫrt ‘’

(not checked:)
1. gǫrr (adj.): ample, perfect < misgera (verb): do wrongly

vinni ‘commit’

(not checked:)
2. vinna (verb): perform, work

notes

[7] vinni (3rd pers. pl. pres. subj.) ‘commit’: Skj B emends to ynni, 3rd pers. pl. pret subj., but the pres. tense makes good sense here.

marg ‘the very’

(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many < margfríðr (adj.)

notes

[8] margfríðr skǫrungr ‘the very beautiful leader’: The Apostle Peter. Cf. Geisl 26/2, where S. Óláfr is described as margfríðr jǫfurr ‘very beautiful prince’. Given that the two ll. are remarkably similar – Geisli has margfríðr jǫfurr síðan –, and that margfríðr is not otherwise attested in ON poetry or prose, it is possible that Gamli is borrowing from Einarr Skúlason here.

fríðr ‘beautiful’

(not checked:)
fríðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): beautiful, fair < margfríðr (adj.)

notes

skǫrungr ‘leader’

(not checked:)
skǫrungr (noun m.; °; -ar): champion

[8] skǫrungr: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]rungr’ B

notes

síðan ‘later’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

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verse
prose

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Gamlkan Has 51VII

Því ‘For this reason’

lét ‘caused’

seggja ‘of men’

kennings

seggja ‘of men’

kennings

sveitar ‘of the company’

kennings

sveitar ‘of the company’

kennings

sinn ‘his’

postola ‘Apostle’

finna ‘to feel’

raun ‘experience’

notes

lýsir ‘shows’

notes

þat ‘that’

notes

ræsir ‘king’

kennings

ríkr ‘the powerful’

kennings

ó ‘weaknesses’

styrkðir ‘’

slíkar ‘such’

at ‘so that’

bæri ‘have’

mun ‘considerably’

meiri ‘greater’

malm ‘sword’

kennings

runnum ‘trees’

kennings

várkunnir ‘compassion’

menn ‘men’

þótt ‘even though’

mis ‘sins’

gǫrt ‘’

vinni ‘commit’

notes

marg ‘the very’

notes

fríðr ‘beautiful’

notes

skǫrungr ‘leader’

notes

síðan ‘later’

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Gamlkan Has 51^VII