Bjbp Jóms 22I
Emily Lethbridge (ed.) 2012, ‘Bjarni byskup Kolbeinsson, Jómsvíkingadrápa 22’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 978.
heiptar ‘into combat’
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heift (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): hatred, enmity
[1] heiptar: ‘[…]ptar’ R, heiptar 65ˣ, RCP, RFJ
hvattir ‘urged’
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hvetja (verb): incite, urge
herði ‘Brave’
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herði (noun f.; °-): [tough, Brave] < herðimaðr (noun m.): [brave men]
menn ‘men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person < herðimaðr (noun m.): [brave men]
þar ‘where’
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þar (adv.): there
notes
[2] þar er bǫrðusk ‘where they fought’: The rel. clause is best taken (as also in Fms 12 and NN §1280) as qualifying the first clause, with herðimenn ‘warriors’ as its subject. In Skj B it is linked with the parenthetical statement. This, however, involves a change of grammatical number (sg. herr ‘army’ and pl. bǫrðusk) and assumes that the rel. clause precedes the main clause it qualifies, which is counter to the normal skaldic rule (Kuhn 1983, 190-1).
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
notes
[2] þar er bǫrðusk ‘where they fought’: The rel. clause is best taken (as also in Fms 12 and NN §1280) as qualifying the first clause, with herðimenn ‘warriors’ as its subject. In Skj B it is linked with the parenthetical statement. This, however, involves a change of grammatical number (sg. herr ‘army’ and pl. bǫrðusk) and assumes that the rel. clause precedes the main clause it qualifies, which is counter to the normal skaldic rule (Kuhn 1983, 190-1).
bǫrðusk ‘they fought’
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2. berja (verb; °barði; barðr/bariðr/barinn): fight
notes
[2] þar er bǫrðusk ‘where they fought’: The rel. clause is best taken (as also in Fms 12 and NN §1280) as qualifying the first clause, with herðimenn ‘warriors’ as its subject. In Skj B it is linked with the parenthetical statement. This, however, involves a change of grammatical number (sg. herr ‘army’ and pl. bǫrðusk) and assumes that the rel. clause precedes the main clause it qualifies, which is counter to the normal skaldic rule (Kuhn 1983, 190-1).
herr ‘army’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
var ‘there was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hauðr ‘the land’
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hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
notes
[3] at verja hauðr ‘to defend the land’: The same phrase is found in st. 21/1.
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
notes
[3] at verja hauðr ‘to defend the land’: The same phrase is found in st. 21/1.
verja ‘defend’
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3. verja (verb): defend
notes
[3] at verja hauðr ‘to defend the land’: The same phrase is found in st. 21/1.
hundmargr ‘an immense’
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hundmargr (adj.): immense
[4] hundmargr: ‘hund[…]’ R, RCP, ‘hundingiar’ 65ˣ, hundmargr RFJ
notes
[4] hundmargr ‘immense’: Damage to the foot of the R leaf here makes it impossible now to ascertain the second element of this word and the following words. Af Petersens in Jvs 1879 prints ‑margr as a conjecture, while Finnur Jónsson in Skj prints it as a reading. Hundmargr fits sense and metre, and the same adj. qualifies herr ‘army’ in Hfr ErfÓl 5/1-2 and Þfagr Sveinn 1/7-8II. Sveinbjörn Egilsson in Fms 11 favours hundingja, which resembles the 65ˣ reading, and glosses it víkingi ‘the viking’ in Fms 12, presumably taking it as a generalised use of the name of the legendary King Hundingi, who features in Hjálmþés saga ok Ǫlvis (see SkP VIII). See ÞHjalt Lv 2/7-8 and Note for a similarly problematic instance of Hundings, emended in Skj B to hundmargs.
saman ‘together’
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saman (adv.): together
[4] saman randir: ‘[…]’ R, ‘þvi þra saman n’ 65ˣ, ‘(saman) ra(n)dir’(?) RCP, ‘sam(an) randir’(?) RFJ
randir ‘shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
[4] saman randir: ‘[…]’ R, ‘þvi þra saman n’ 65ˣ, ‘(saman) ra(n)dir’(?) RCP, ‘sam(an) randir’(?) RFJ
víkingi ‘viking’
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víkingr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): viking
[5] víkingi: víkingum all
notes
[5] víkingi (m. dat. sg.) ‘viking’: Emended by most eds from dat. pl. víkingum to agree with einum ‘one, a single’. Jvs 1879, 133 suggested that the pl. could be retained with the sense ‘single vikings’.
váru ‘were’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
varð ‘there was’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
raun ‘proof’
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raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience
at ‘of’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
einum ‘one’
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
kveða ‘they say’
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kveða (verb; kveð, kvað, kveðinn): (str.) say, recite, sing
eigi ‘not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
aukit ‘exaggerated’
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1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
[7] aukit: ‘av[...]’ R, ‘av(ll)’(?) 65ˣ, aukit RCP, RFJ
ýtar ‘men’
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ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
fimm ‘five’
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fimm (num. cardinal): five
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