Arn Magndr 9II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Magnússdrápa 9’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 218.
Fúss ‘eager’
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fúss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): eager, willing
lét ‘caused’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
á ‘at’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[1] Ré ‘Rügen’: The phrase á Ré suggests that the fighting was on land. The tradition of a sea-battle recorded in Flat and H-Hr (Fms 6, 55) may rest on a false assumption that fyr ... Vestlandi ‘off Vestland’ in ll. 3-4 refers to the fighting rather than to the island of Rügen (see Note to st. 9/4 below). On the other hand, the account of the occasion of the battle in these two sources (above) is, because of the location of Rügen, more plausible than that in Hkr and H-Hr (Fms 6, 75); see Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, ÍF 28, 46 n.
ramm ‘a mighty’
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rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty < rammþing (noun n.)
[2] ramm‑: rym‑ H(10r), Hr(10ra)
kennings
rammþing Glamma‘a mighty encounter of Glammi ’
= BATTLE
a mighty encounter of Glammi → BATTLE
þing ‘ encounter’
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þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < rammþing (noun n.)
[2] ‑þing: ‑þings F
kennings
rammþing Glamma‘a mighty encounter of Glammi ’
= BATTLE
a mighty encounter of Glammi → BATTLE
háit ‘to be held’
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2. heyja (verb): fight, wage (battle)
[2] háit: so 39, F, H(7r), Hr(10ra), hátt Kˣ, E, J2ˣ, H(10r), Hr(7vb), Flat
notes
[2] háit ‘caused to be held’: Háit is the older, and hátt the younger, form of the n. sg. p. p. from the verb heyja. The disyllabic háit is required by the metre. The use of the verb with the battle-kenning rammþing Glamma ‘a mighty assembly of Glammi’ plays on the legal phrase heyja þing ‘hold an assembly’; there are precedents for this in the work of Sigvatr Þórðarson and others.
Glamma ‘of Glammi’
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2. Glammi (noun m.): Glammi
[2] Glamma: gamma 39, F, glymja H(10r), Hr(10ra), gamla Flat
kennings
rammþing Glamma‘a mighty encounter of Glammi ’
= BATTLE
a mighty encounter of Glammi → BATTLE
valska ‘Frankish’
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valskr (adj.): foreign, French
[3] valska rauð: virðum rautt H(7r), Flat, ‘valska hraunn’ H(10r), Hr(10ra), virðum rauð Hr(7vb)
notes
[3] valska ‘Frankish’: Or perhaps more broadly ‘southern, foreign’ (see Falk 1914, 40). The variant virðum (m. dat. pl.) ‘men’ would also give good sense: ‘the ruler reddened blades on men’.
rauð ‘reddened’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
[3] valska rauð: virðum rautt H(7r), Flat, ‘valska hraunn’ H(10r), Hr(10ra), virðum rauð Hr(7vb)
fyr ‘off’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
Vestlandi ‘Vestland’
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vestland (noun n.): vestland
[4] Vestlandi: Vindlandi H(7r), Vinlandi Hr(7vb), Flat, veldi Hr(10ra)
notes
[4] Vestlandi ‘Vestland’: This is, judging from LP, a unique record of this p. n. The prep. fyr ‘off, before’ is compatible with the surmise that Vestland is a coastal area, either on the island of Rügen, as assumed in LP, or on the mainland opposite (modern western Pomerania), as assumed by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, index to ÍF 28. The epithet víðr ‘broad’ (here dat. sg. víðu) is somewhat conventional (see LP entry, also for breiðr), but if it has literal significance here and if the battle was fought on land, it would point to Vestland having been on the mainland rather than on the small island of Rügen.
gramr ‘the sovereign’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
branda ‘blades’
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brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In Hkr and the second citation in H-Hr, it is said that the st. refers to a battle between Magnús, the victor of Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr), and Sveinn Úlfsson. They engage fyrir Vestlandi á Ré ‘off Vestland on Rügen’ (Hkr) or fyrir vestan Aren ‘west of Aren’ (H-Hr). After the battle Sveinn flees to Skåne (Skáney) and Magnús returns to Jylland. In Flat and the first citation in H-Hr, the setting is quite different: a chance encounter in which Magnús, returning to Denmark from Wollin (Jóm) before the battle of Lyrskovshede triumphs over a large Viking fleet fyrir Ré á Vestlandi ‘off Rügen in Vestland’ (H) or fyrir Vestland ‘off Vestland’ (Hr).
H-Hr represents two textual traditions here. In the first instance, H-Hr (and Flat) copies Mork (Mork has a lacuna here) and in the second instance, H-Hr copies Hkr.
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