Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 13

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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SnSt Ht 13^III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 13’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1117.

Snorri Sturluson Háttatal

12 13 14

Manndýrðir ‘Manly virtues’

(not checked:)
manndýrð (noun f.): many qualities

fá ‘give’

(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive

[1] fá: fær U(50r)

mærðar ‘glory’

(not checked:)
mærð (noun f.): praise

[1] mærðar: ‘mæþar’ U(47r)

mæt ‘splendid’

(not checked:)
mætr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): honoured, respected

[2] mæt: ‘m[…]t’ U(50r)

ǫld ‘people’

(not checked:)
ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age

fira ‘of men’

(not checked:)
firar (noun m.): men

kennings

gæti fira
‘to the guardian of men; ’
= RULER = Hákon
to the guardian of men; → RULER = Hákon

gæti ‘to the guardian’

(not checked:)
gætir (noun m.): guardian

[2] gæti: gætir U(50r)

kennings

gæti fira
‘to the guardian of men; ’
= RULER = Hákon
to the guardian of men; → RULER = Hákon

lýtr ‘bow’

(not checked:)
1. lúta (verb): (strong)

[3] lýtr: lætr U(50r)

notes

[4] sær ‘the sea’: In R ‘ser’ has been altered to ‘sęr’ (R*).

of ‘above’

(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[4] of: á U(50r)

fjǫllum ‘the mountains’

(not checked:)
1. fjall (noun n.): mountain

Rjóð ‘reddening’

(not checked:)
3. rjóðr (adj.): red < rjóðvendill (noun m.)

[5] Rjóð‑: rjóðr U(50r)

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

Rjóð ‘reddening’

(not checked:)
3. rjóðr (adj.): red < rjóðvendill (noun m.)

[5] Rjóð‑: rjóðr U(50r)

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

vendils ‘rod’

(not checked:)
vendill (noun m.): [rod] < rjóðvendill (noun m.)

[5] ‑vendils: vandill W

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

vendils ‘rod’

(not checked:)
vendill (noun m.): [rod] < rjóðvendill (noun m.)

[5] ‑vendils: vandill W

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

gatk ‘I got’

(not checked:)
2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love

[5] gatk: gat Tˣ, W, gatz U(50r)

notes

[5] gatk ‘I got’: The word is difficult to read in R because it has been altered (to ‘kann’ or ‘kna’ (?) (R*)). The <t> looks clear and the <k> is almost clear but not quite (the upstroke has been rubbed out). The Tˣ, W variant gat ‘got’ could be taken as 1st pers. sg. pret. indic. with a suppressed subject.

randa ‘of the shields’’

(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

notes

[5] randa ‘of the shields’’: Altered to randar ‘of the shield’s’ in R (R*).

randa ‘of the shields’’

(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

notes

[5] randa ‘of the shields’’: Altered to randar ‘of the shield’s’ in R (R*).

rœki ‘the tending’

(not checked:)
rœkja (verb): care, look after < rœkinjǫrðr (noun m.)

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

Njǫrð ‘Njǫrðr’

(not checked:)
Njǫrðr (noun m.): Njǫrðr < rœkinjǫrðr (noun m.)

kennings

rœki-Njǫrð rjóðvendils randa;
‘the tending-Njǫrðr of the shields’ reddening-rod ’
= WARRIOR
the shields’ reddening-rod → SWORD
the tending-Njǫrðr of the SWORD → WARRIOR

at ‘to’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

sœkja ‘visit’

(not checked:)
sœkja (verb): seek, attack

hœf ‘fitting’

(not checked:)
hœfr (adj.): proper, fitting

ferð ‘journey’

(not checked:)
ferð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-arMork 196¹²)): host, journey

vas ‘was’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

sú ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

harða ‘very’

(not checked:)
harða (adv.): very

[7] harða: handa U(50r)

heim ‘in his home’

(not checked:)
heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world

skaut ‘shot up’

(not checked:)
skjóta (verb): shoot

jǫrð ‘the earth’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth

ór ‘from’

(not checked:)
3. ór (prep.): out of

geima ‘the ocean’

(not checked:)
geimi (noun m.): ocean

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

The syntactic peculiarity illustrated by this stanza is hjástælt ‘abutted’, where metrical positions 2-5 in ll. 4 and 8 are occupied by an independent clause, a ‘saying’ (orðtak) that relates ‘ancient memories’ (forn minni).

The headings are ‘uj. h.’ ‘the sixth verse-form’ (Tˣ) and hjástælt (U(47r) and added in R (R*)). — [4, 8]: The two ‘sayings’ apparently refer to one or two myths of creation. The first has no precedent in known Old Norse creation myths, but recalls Ps. 103.6 super montes stabunt aquae ‘waters stood above the mountains’. The second seems to correspond to Vsp 59 – the new world emerging from the sea after ragnarǫk. Cf. Vsp 59/1-3 (NK 14): Sér hon upp koma | ǫðro sinni | iǫrð ór ægi ‘She sees the earth emerge from the ocean a second time’. The syntactic peculiarity of hjástælt is otherwise carried out systematically only in KormǪ Sigdr (see Marold 1990a). — [5-8]: Snorri visited Hákon and Skúli in Norway during the years 1218-20.

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SnSt Ht 13III

Manndýrðir ‘Manly virtues’

fá ‘give’

mærðar ‘glory’

mæt ‘splendid’

ǫld ‘people’

fira ‘of men’

kennings

gæti ‘to the guardian’

kennings

lýtr ‘bow’

auðgjafa ‘wealth-giver’

ítrum ‘to the magnificent’

ǫll ‘all’

stóð ‘stood’

sær ‘the sea’

notes

of ‘above’

fjǫllum ‘the mountains’

Rjóð ‘reddening’

kennings

Rjóð ‘reddening’

kennings

vendils ‘rod’

kennings

vendils ‘rod’

kennings

gatk ‘I got’

notes

randa ‘of the shields’’

kennings

notes

randa ‘of the shields’’

kennings

notes

rœki ‘the tending’

kennings

Njǫrð ‘Njǫrðr’

kennings

at ‘to’

sœkja ‘visit’

hœf ‘fitting’

ferð ‘journey’

vas ‘was’

sú ‘that’

harða ‘very’

heim ‘in his home’

skaut ‘shot up’

jǫrð ‘the earth’

ór ‘from’

geima ‘the ocean’

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SnSt Ht 13^III