Þhorn Harkv 3I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Þorbjǫrn hornklofi, Haraldskvæði (Hrafnsmál) 3’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 97.
Hvat ‘What’
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hvat (pron.): what
es ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
yðr ‘the matter with you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
hrafnar ‘ravens’
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hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven
notes
[1] hrafnar ‘ravens’: Though the next stanza refers to ‘the dark-feathered one’, here the valkyrie addresses more than one raven. The sg. nefi ‘beak’ (l. 3) and munni ‘mouth’ (l. 6) are accordingly translated as plurals here, though the sg. need not be regarded as illogical but rather as a matter of focus.
Hvaðan ‘From where’
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hvaðan (adv.): whence, from where
eruð ‘have’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
ér ‘you’
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ér (pron.; °gen. yðvar/yðar, dat./acc. yðr): you
komnir ‘come’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
dreyrgu ‘gory’
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dreyrugr (adj.; °dreyrgan/dreyrugan; superl. dreyrgastr): bloody
[3] dreyrgu: corrected from ‘dræygu’ 302ˣ
nefi ‘beaks’
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nef (noun n.; °-s; -, gen. -ja): nose, beak
at ‘at’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
degi ‘of day’
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dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day
verðum ‘break’
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3. verðr (adj.): worth, worthy < ǫndverðr (adj.): early, beginning
Hold ‘Flesh’
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hold (noun n.; °-s; -): flesh
loðir ‘hangs’
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2. loða (verb): [cleaves, hangs]
yðr ‘from your’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
í ‘’
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í (prep.): in, into
klóum ‘claws’
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kló (noun f.; °-; klǿr): claw
hræs ‘of carrion’
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hræ (noun n.; °; -): corpse, carrion
yðr ‘’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
þefr ‘the stench’
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þefr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): [carrion]
gengr ‘comes’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
[6] gengr: gengr yðr FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ
ór ‘from’
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3. ór (prep.): out of
munni ‘your mouths’
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munnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): mouth
nær ‘near’
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nær (adv.): near, almost; when
hygg ‘think’
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
notes
[7] hygg ek yðr bjoggu ‘I think you lodged’: Lit. ‘I think you to have lodged’, an acc. with inf. construction introduced by a form of hyggja ‘think’, as also in sts 5/1 and 17/7; cf. 21/8. This is perhaps the only attestation of bjoggu, pret. inf. to búa (Sueti 1884, 24), surely a more original reading than finite bjogguð of the FskA transcripts, because it is more unusual.
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
notes
[7] hygg ek yðr bjoggu ‘I think you lodged’: Lit. ‘I think you to have lodged’, an acc. with inf. construction introduced by a form of hyggja ‘think’, as also in sts 5/1 and 17/7; cf. 21/8. This is perhaps the only attestation of bjoggu, pret. inf. to búa (Sueti 1884, 24), surely a more original reading than finite bjogguð of the FskA transcripts, because it is more unusual.
notes
[7] hygg ek yðr bjoggu ‘I think you lodged’: Lit. ‘I think you to have lodged’, an acc. with inf. construction introduced by a form of hyggja ‘think’, as also in sts 5/1 and 17/7; cf. 21/8. This is perhaps the only attestation of bjoggu, pret. inf. to búa (Sueti 1884, 24), surely a more original reading than finite bjogguð of the FskA transcripts, because it is more unusual.
í ‘last’
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í (prep.): in, into
nótt ‘night’
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nátt (noun f.; °náttar/nǽtr, dat. -/-u; nǽtr): night
bjoggu ‘lodged’
[7] bjoggu: bjogguð FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ
notes
[7] hygg ek yðr bjoggu ‘I think you lodged’: Lit. ‘I think you to have lodged’, an acc. with inf. construction introduced by a form of hyggja ‘think’, as also in sts 5/1 and 17/7; cf. 21/8. This is perhaps the only attestation of bjoggu, pret. inf. to búa (Sueti 1884, 24), surely a more original reading than finite bjogguð of the FskA transcripts, because it is more unusual.
at ‘’
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4. at (conj.): that
vissu ‘’
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1. vita (verb): know
es ‘where’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
nár ‘’
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nár (noun m.; °-s; -ir): corpse
nær ‘’
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nær (adv.): near, almost; when
vissuð ‘you knew’
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1. vita (verb): know
[8] vissuð: so FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ, vissu at 51ˣ, FskBˣ, 302ˣ
nái ‘corpses’
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ná (noun f.): carrion
[8] nái: nár 51ˣ, 302ˣ, FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ, nær FskBˣ
notes
[8] nái ‘corpses’: This slightly emended form appears in 761aˣ (on which, see Introduction). Jón Helgason (1946, 135) points out that the ‘nar’ of most of the mss could alternatively be emended to ná, to be construed as a generic (acc.) sg.
liggja ‘were lying’
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liggja (verb): lie
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As for st. 1.
The valkyrie introduced in sts 1-2 speaks.
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