Ekúl Kristdr 4III
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Eilífr kúlnasveinn, Kristsdrápa 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 133.
Himins ‘of heaven’
(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
dýrð ‘The glory’
(not checked:)
dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
lofar ‘praises’
(not checked:)
lofa (verb): praise, permit
hǫlða ‘of men’
(not checked:)
hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
kennings
stilli hǫlða;‘the ruler of men; ’
= God
the ruler of men; → God
notes
[1, 2] stilli hǫlða ‘the ruler of men [= God (= Christ)]’: Ms. U has the variant spjalli m. nom. sg. ‘friend, confidant’ for the majority mss’ stilli (acc. sg.). This could be construed spjalli hǫlða lofar dýrð himins ‘the confidant of men [= God (= Christ)] praises the glory of heaven’, but is unlikely (see Note to st. 3/2) and clearly departs from the understanding of the prose gloss (see Context above).
hanns ‘he is’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
alls ‘of everything’
(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all
kennings
konungr alls.‘king of everything. ’
= God
king of everything. → God
konungr ‘king’
(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
kennings
konungr alls.‘king of everything. ’
= God
king of everything. → God
kennings
stilli hǫlða;‘the ruler of men; ’
= God
the ruler of men; → God
notes
[1, 2] stilli hǫlða ‘the ruler of men [= God (= Christ)]’: Ms. U has the variant spjalli m. nom. sg. ‘friend, confidant’ for the majority mss’ stilli (acc. sg.). This could be construed spjalli hǫlða lofar dýrð himins ‘the confidant of men [= God (= Christ)] praises the glory of heaven’, but is unlikely (see Note to st. 3/2) and clearly departs from the understanding of the prose gloss (see Context above).
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This couplet is separated by examples by two other skalds from Eilífr’s previous three helmingar, but probably belongs to the same poem. It is introduced in R with Svá kvað Eilífr kúlnasveinn ‘So said Eilífr kúlnasveinn’. After the citation the prose text explains: Hér kallaði hann fyrst Krist konung manna ok annat sinn alls konung ‘Here he called Christ first king of men and the second time king of everything’.
A similar variation of vocabulary is observable here as in Eilífr’s three previous helmingar. In l. 1, dýrð himins ‘the glory of heaven’ varies ǫll ǫnnur dýrð ‘all other glory’ in st. 1/3 and dýrðar himna ‘of the glory of the heavens’ in st. 2/1. See Note to the latter phrase.
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