Þul Orrostu 2III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Orrostu heiti 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 788.
notes
[1] sóta (f.) ‘struggle’: According to AEW: sóta, this heiti is a loanword from Finnish (cf. Finnish sota ‘battle’). Mss A and B have sókn f. ‘assault’ (see l. 2), as do the LaufE mss. According to Finnur Jónsson (1926-8: sóta), this heiti is used several times in the rímur, but it is not otherwise attested in skaldic poetry.
morð ‘killing’
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1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
víg ‘slaughter’
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víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle
notes
[3] ógn (f.) ‘terror’: This is the name of a river in Þul Á 2/3. In mss A and B, the heiti ógn is given in l. 2 and followed by dynr m. ‘din’ and gnýr m. ‘clash’ (l. 3) (so also Skj B and Skald). Both words are frequently used as base-words in kennings for ‘battle’ (cf. LP: dynr; gnýr), but neither occurs as a poetic term for ‘battle’.
tara ‘combat’
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tara (noun f.): [combat]
notes
[3] tara (f.) ‘combat’: This heiti is probably a f. nomen actionis from the Germanic strong verb *teran ‘tear, rent, lacerate’ (cf. Goth. distairan, gatairan ‘rip, destroy’, OE teran, OHG zeran ‘tear, lacerate’). See also OE taru ‘tear, rent’, OHG zar ‘tear’. There is no reliable evidence that this heiti was used in skaldic poetry. The word is omitted from the list in the LaufE mss.
notes
[4] drima (f.) ‘noise’: A hap. leg. The word is probably identical with þrima f. ‘sound’ (l. 8), because in such compounds as eggþrima ‘edge-clash’ þ > ð or d (Falk 1889c, 266; AEW: drima). Thus the original meaning must be ‘uproar, noise’. In mss B and Tˣ drima is replaced by drífa f. ‘driving, blowing, drifting snow’, which frequently occurs as a base-word in kennings for ‘battle’ (cf. LP: drífa 1) but never as a heiti for ‘battle’. See also Þul Ǫrvar 1/3. In the LaufE mss, this word is rendered as ‘druna’ (papp10ˣ(49v), 2368ˣ(121)) and ‘drima’ (743ˣ(92r)), which shows that drífa is probably an independent innovation (lectio facilior) in both Tˣ and B.
þá ‘then’
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2. þá (adv.): then
es ‘there is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
orrosta ‘battle’
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orrusta (noun f.; °-u; -ur): battle
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
ørlygi ‘doom’
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ørlygi (noun n.): [battle, doom]
hríð ‘storm’
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hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
notes
[7] etja (f.) ‘aggression’: There is no evidence that this word was used as a term for ‘battle’. The word is omitted in the LaufE mss.
Herþǫgn ‘Herþǫgn’
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herþǫgn (noun f.): herþǫgn
notes
[8] Herþǫgn: Not attested elsewhere as a cpd. Most likely the name of a valkyrie, lit. ‘one who welcomes a host’ (the second element ‑þǫgn is also a valkyrie-name; see Þul Valkyrja 2/7).
þrima ‘din’
(not checked:)
þrima (noun f.): battle, din
notes
[8] þrima (f.) ‘din’: This battle-heiti is also listed in Þul Valkyrja 2/8.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
[2]: Skj B (followed by Skald) combines the readings of the R, Tˣ, C and A, B redactions and renders this line as sókn, dolg ok ógn ‘assault, enmity and terror’. Ms. A reads (normalised) sótti dolg ógn ‘attacked enmity terror’, and ms. B has dolg ógn, as do the LaufE mss (spelled as one word). Hence it appears that the scribe of A may have added sótti to provide the necessary alliteration, or else the word could have been present in his exemplar but in the form of a marginal gloss or correction. — [3]: This line is given as dynr, gnýr, tara ‘din, clash, combat’ in Skj B and Skald, following A (B has ok dynr gnýr tara).
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