Anon Mhkv 4III
Roberta Frank (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Poems, Málsháttakvæði 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1219.
Ró ‘rest’
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1. ró (noun f.; °-ar): [peace, rest]
skyldu ‘should’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
menn ‘Men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
reiði ‘to their wrath’
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2. reiði (noun f.; °-): anger
gefa ‘give’
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gefa (verb): give
raunlítit ‘a very little thing’
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raunlítill (adj.): very little thing
kømsk ‘occasions’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
opt ‘often’
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opt (adv.): often
á ‘’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
þrefa ‘strife’
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þrefi (noun m.): [strife, thrave]
gagarr ‘a dog’
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gagarr (noun m.): dog
er ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
skaptr ‘shaped’
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skaptr (adj./verb p.p.): [shaped]
þvít ‘’
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þvít (conj.): because, since
geyja ‘for barking’
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geyja (verb): bark
skal ‘’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
gera ‘to make’
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1. gera (verb): do, make
ætlak ‘I intend’
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ætla (verb): intend, mean, think
mér ‘my’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
létt ‘lighthearted’
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léttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): easy, light
of ‘’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
tal ‘speech’
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tal (noun n.; °-s; *-): talk, speech; number
Verit ‘been’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hafði ‘had’
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hafa (verb): have
mér ‘my’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
verra ‘worse’
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verri (adj. comp.): worse, worst
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
hug ‘mind’
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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
nær ‘almost’
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nær (adv.): near, almost; when
sem ‘like’
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sem (conj.): as, which
kveisu ‘of a boil’
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kveisa (noun f.; °; -ur): [a boil]
notes
[6] kveisu ‘of a boil’: The word is attested in poetry only here. For its meaning and semantic development, see Fritzner: kveisa.
flug ‘the pain’
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2. flug (noun n.): flight, ?precipice
notes
[6] flug ‘the pain’: Cf. (O)Icel. flog ‘shooting pain’. The Norwegian/Orcadian form ([u] for [o]) is required by the rhyme. See comparable dialectal colouring in sts 5/8, 11/4 and 18/2.
jafnan ‘always’
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jafnan (adv.): always
fagnar ‘rejoices’
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fagna (verb; °-að-): welcome, rejoice
kvikr ‘the living’
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kvikr (adj.; °-van/-an): alive
maðr ‘man’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
kú ‘in a cow’
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kýr (noun f.; °kýr, dat. kú; kýr): cow
kennir ‘clear’
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kenna (verb): know, teach
hins ‘it is’
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2. inn (art.): the
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
gleðjumk ‘I am cheering up’
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gleðja (verb): gladden, rejoice
nú ‘now’
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nú (adv.): now
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Men should give rest to their wrath; often a very little thing occasions strife; a dog is shaped for barking; I intend to make my speech lighthearted. Something worse had been in my mind; it was almost like the pain of a boil; the living man always rejoices in a cow; it is clear that I am cheering up now.
[1]: Cf. Am 78/7 (NK 259): skǫmm mun ró reiði ‘short will be wrath’s rest’. Reiði ‘wrath’ (older vreiði) is required by alliteration. The loss of v- also means that the poem cannot be Norwegian (see ANG §288 Anm. 1). — [3]: For similar proverbs, see Ísl. Málsh.: hundur. For the theory that Lat. canis ‘dog’ was named for its bark (canor ‘song’, canere ‘resound’), see Isidore, Etym. 12.2.25. — [7]: Cf. Hávm 70/3 (NK 28): ey getr qvicr kú ‘the living man always gets the cow’.
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