Gestumbl Heiðr 22VIII (Heiðr 69)
Hannah Burrows (ed.) 2017, ‘Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks 69 (Gestumblindi, Heiðreks gátur 22)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 435.
Hverjar ‘Who’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
eru ‘are’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
meyjar ‘girls’
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mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden
[1] meyjar: so 281ˣ, 597bˣ, R715ˣ, snótir 2845
er ‘who’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
ganga ‘go’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
[2] ganga margar: margar ganga 281ˣ, ‘mar[…] ganga’ 597bˣ
margar ‘many’
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
[2] ganga margar: margar ganga 281ˣ, ‘mar[…] ganga’ 597bˣ
saman ‘together’
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saman (adv.): together
[2] saman: so 281ˣ, 597bˣ, R715ˣ, syrgjandi 2845
at ‘to’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
forvitni ‘the curiosity’
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1. forvitni (noun f.): [curiosity]
[3] forvitni: firða 281ˣ, ‘f’ 597bˣ
Mörgum ‘to many’
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
þær ‘They’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[5] þær: om. R715ˣ
at ‘’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
meini ‘harm’
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mein (noun n.; °-s; -): harm, injury
við ‘with’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
þat ‘that’
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
munu ‘must’
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munu (verb): will, must
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
þær ‘they’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
sinn ‘their’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
aldr ‘lives’
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aldr (noun m.; °aldrs, dat. aldri; aldrar): life, age
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
ala ‘spend’
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ala (verb; °elr; ól, ólu; alinn): to beget, produce, procreate
[6] við þat munu þær sinn aldr ala: so 2845, ok eiga þær þat varðar at vera 281ˣ, ok eiga þær þess varar at vera 597bˣ, við þat mun hvor sinn aldr ala R715ˣ
Heiðrekr ‘Heiðrekr’
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Heiðrekr (noun m.): Heiðrekr
[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k̄ h’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k·’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h. kongr etc:’ 597bˣ
konungr ‘King’
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k̄ h’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k·’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h. kongr etc:’ 597bˣ
hyggðu ‘think’
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k̄ h’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k·’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h. kongr etc:’ 597bˣ
at ‘about’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k̄ h’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k·’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h. kongr etc:’ 597bˣ
gátu ‘the riddle’
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gáta (noun f.)
[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k̄ h’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k·’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h. kongr etc:’ 597bˣ
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Heiðrekr’s response is (Heiðr 1960, 40): Þat eru Hlés brúðir, er svá heita ‘Those are Hlér’s brides, who are so called’. Hlér is given in Skm as an alternative name for Ægir (SnE 1998, I, 1), possibly reinforcing the suggestion that the relationship between Ægir and his daughters was seen as an incestuous one (see Note to Heiðr 68/3 above). On the other hand, the word brúðir may refer to women in general (see Note to Heiðr 64/1 and cf. Heiðr 71/1). The H redaction has (Heiðr 1924, 73): þetta eru bárur sem áðan ‘These are waves as before’. — [1]: This half-line also occurs in the eddic poems Vafþr 48/4 and Bdr 12/5, both of which stanzas strongly resemble Heiðr’s wave-riddles and are, as here, posed by Óðinn in disguise. On the first instance, see Note to Heiðr 67/1-2. The second instance is a good candidate for another description of waves (Bdr 12/5-6, NK 279): hveriar ro þær meyiar, | er at muni gráta | oc á himin verpa | hálsa scautom? ‘Who are those girls, who weep at desire and who cast to the sky the sheets of their necks?’. The question goes unanswered in Bdr, serving as the question that reveals Óðinn’s true identity. See further Malm (2000), Burrows (2013, 210-13) and Kommentar III, 458-60. — [1-2]: See the preceding riddle, Heiðr 68, Note to ll. 1-2. As there, the other mss are in agreement on the readings chosen here, although they are not those of the main ms. Syrgjandi ‘sorrowing’ in 2845 is extrametrical, but could have been influenced by the line edited here as Heiðr 68/2 (which follows the present stanza in 2845). — [3]: Ms. 281ˣ has here ‘ad firda før’, not in itself a meaningful line, but cf. Gestumbl Heiðr 24/3 (Heiðr 71) ok eiga eptir firði för ‘and have a journey along the fjord’, which presumably influenced the present reading. The other H-redaction ms., 597bˣ, is ambiguous, abbreviating ‘ad f f’, presumably at forvitni föður. — [6]: An almost identical line appears in Gestumbl Heiðr 30/6 (Heiðr 77), where it refers to fire waiting to be kindled in the hearth. The H redaction has l. 6 of the previous stanza, Gestumbl Heiðr 21 (Heiðr 68) (see Note). This is an acceptable variant in terms of sense, creating ambiguity in the cause and effect of the wave-maidens’ actions (Burrows 2013, 203): ‘perhaps they do not have husbands because they cause harm to men, or perhaps they cause harm to men because they do not want husbands’.
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