Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 44’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1153.
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frami (noun m.): success
[1] skotnar gram frama ‘the lord is allotted honour’: The verb skotna ‘allot, be allotted’ is construed impersonally with gram ‘the lord’ in the dat. and frama ‘honour’ in the acc.
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skjóta (verb): shoot
[1] skotnar gram frama ‘the lord is allotted honour’: The verb skotna ‘allot, be allotted’ is construed impersonally with gram ‘the lord’ in the dat. and frama ‘honour’ in the acc.
[1] skotnar gram frama ‘the lord is allotted honour’: The verb skotna ‘allot, be allotted’ is construed impersonally with gram ‘the lord’ in the dat. and frama ‘honour’ in the acc.
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gotnar (noun m.): men
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gjǫf (noun f.): gift
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2. sanna (verb): prove
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spǫnn (noun f.; °spannar; gen. spanna): grip
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2. men (noun n.; °; dat. menjum): neck-ring < menstiklir (noun m.): necklace-distributor
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stiklir (noun m.): thrower, dispenser < menstiklir (noun m.): necklace-distributor
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manndýrð (noun f.): many qualities
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1. skýra (verb): explain, interpret
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herfjǫlð (noun f.): great quantity
[5] herfjǫlð ‘the great quantity’: Her- functions as an intensifier here (see Note to Sturl Hákfl 5/1-4II).
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
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hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
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2. hagr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): skilful < hagbál (noun n.): [elaborate pyre]
[6] -báls ‘pyre’: In R -báls (n. gen. sg.) has been altered to -bál (R*).
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bál (noun n.; °-s; -): fire < hagbál (noun n.): [elaborate pyre]
[6] -báls ‘pyre’: In R -báls (n. gen. sg.) has been altered to -bál (R*).
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lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea
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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow
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friða (verb): pacify
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sjaldan (adv.): seldom
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[7] við; valdi ‘with; the ruler’: Valdi is a m. nom. sg. noun (the subject of friðask ‘makes peace’; see NN §3146). The prep. við ‘with’ that precedes this noun is not a part of the same phrase but rather part of the prepositional phrase við herfjǫlð hagbáls lagar ‘(makes peace) with the great quantity of the elaborate pyre of the ocean’. The enclitic prep. við carries alliteration and internal rhyme, and a monosyllabic proclitic prep. cannot receive full stress in dróttkvætt.
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1. valdi (noun m.): ruler
[7] við; valdi ‘with; the ruler’: Valdi is a m. nom. sg. noun (the subject of friðask ‘makes peace’; see NN §3146). The prep. við ‘with’ that precedes this noun is not a part of the same phrase but rather part of the prepositional phrase við herfjǫlð hagbáls lagar ‘(makes peace) with the great quantity of the elaborate pyre of the ocean’. The enclitic prep. við carries alliteration and internal rhyme, and a monosyllabic proclitic prep. cannot receive full stress in dróttkvætt.
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2. valr (noun m.; °-s): falcon < valland (noun n.): [falcon-land]
[8] vallands: ‘vanðz’ U
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2. valr (noun m.; °-s): falcon < valland (noun n.): [falcon-land]
[8] vallands: ‘vanðz’ U
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land < valland (noun n.): [falcon-land]
[8] vallands: ‘vanðz’ U
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land < valland (noun n.): [falcon-land]
[8] vallands: ‘vanðz’ U
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svalr (adj.): cool
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brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The lord is allotted honour; the gift is made good; the amber of the grip [GOLD] accustoms itself greatly to men; the necklace-distributor [GENEROUS MAN] caused manly virtues to be displayed. The ruler of swords [WARRIOR] seldom makes peace with the great quantity of the elaborate pyre of the ocean [GOLD]; freeholders wear cool fires of the falcon-land [ARM > GOLD].
As st. 43 above, except that there are two pairs of aðalhendingar in the odd lines. The variant is called alhent ‘completely rhymed’.
This rhyme scheme is very rare, but attested in Klœ Lv, which Snorri uses to illustrate alhent (given in Ht after the present stanza; see also Refr Giz 3). According to Sturlunga saga (Stu 1878, I, 244), Snorri also composed his two earlier praise poems to Skúli in this metre, and ll. 2-3 of the stef of one of these poems (SnSt SkúldrIV), transmitted in Stu, are in alhent. — The heading in Tˣ is 36.
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