Þul Hjálms 1^III

Hropts ‘of Hroptr’s’

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Hroptr (noun m.): [Hroptr, Hroptar]

[1] Hropts: ‘[…]ropz’ B, ‘Hroptz’ 744ˣ

kennings

hattar ‘hood’

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1. hǫttr (noun m.): hood, hat

kennings

skalk ‘I shall’

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skulu (verb): shall, should, must

heiti ‘the names’

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heiti (noun n.): name, promise

[2] heiti segja: so Tˣ, A, B, segja heiti R, C

segja ‘say’

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segja (verb): say, tell

[2] heiti segja: so Tˣ, A, B, segja heiti R, C

hjalmr ‘helmet’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

[3] hjalmr gullfáinn: ‘[…]almr g[…]llfaenn’ B, ‘híalmr gullfaenn’ 744ˣ

gullfáinn ‘gold-coloured one’

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gullfáinn (noun m.): gold-coloured

[3] hjalmr gullfáinn: ‘[…]almr g[…]llfaenn’ B, ‘híalmr gullfaenn’ 744ˣ

notes

[3] gullfáinn (m.) ‘gold-coloured one’: Not attested elsewhere as a cpd. The heiti refers to a gilded helmet.

hraunn ‘hraunn’

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hraunn (noun m.): [hraunn]

[4] hraunn: ‘hrꜹr’ A, ‘hramr’ B

notes

[4] hraunn: A hap. leg. This is an obscure word whose form is uncertain. Mss R, Tˣ and C have hraunn, and A and B have the variants (normalised) hrør (A; cf. hrør ‘corpse’) and ‘hramr’ (B; cf. OS hrama ‘frame’). According to de Vries (AEW: hraunn) hraunn is related to the strong verb hrjóða ‘cover’. Alternatively, the term might be connected with hraun n. ‘lava field’ (ÍO: hraunn).

valhrímnir ‘slaughter-boar’

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valhrímnir (noun m.): [slaughter-boar]

[4] valhrímnir: om. B

notes

[4] valhrímnir (m.) ‘slaughter-boar’: This cpd, which is not attested elswehere, is formed from valr m. ‘slain’ and hrímnir m. ‘boar’ (see Þul Galtar l. 2). Cf. the similar terms for ‘helmet’, valgǫltr m. ‘slaughter-boar’, hildigǫltr m. ‘battle-boar’ (st. 2/1) and hildisvín n. ‘battle-swine’ (see Falk 1914b, 160). See also the next heiti. As a simplex and as the second element in compounds, Hrímnir is quite common in mythical names (see LP: Hrímnir). According to de Vries (AEW: Hrímnir 1-2), the word is derived from hrím ‘frost, rime’ (AEW: Hrímnir 1) or from the Germanic root *(s)krī- ‘scream’ (AEW: Hrímnir 2 and hreimr 1). De Vries places the boar-heiti in the second category.

hallhrímnir ‘stone-boar’

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hallhrímnir (noun m.): [stone-boar]

notes

[5] hallhrímnir (m.) ‘stone-boar’: This cpd is not found elsewhere. The first element of the cpd is hallr m. ‘stone, gem’ (this word frequently occurs as a first part of personal names) and the second element is most likely identical with hrímnir ‘boar’ (cf. the previous heiti). Faulkes (SnE 1998, II, 300) connects the first element with hǫll f. ‘hall’ and gives the translation ‘hall-crier’ (for hrímnir ‘crier, shouter’, see AEW: Hrímnir 2 and the previous Note).

skolkr ‘frightener’

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skolkr (noun m.): frightener

[5] skolkr: so Tˣ, skolir R, skollr C, ‘skǿlkr’ A, skalkr B

notes

[5] skolkr (m.) ‘frightener’: Probably an agent noun from a strong verb *skelka ‘frighten’. Cf. skelkr m. ‘terror, fright’ and the weak verb skelkja ‘frighten, deride’ (AEW: skolkr; cf. œgir ‘terrifier’ in st. 2/3 below). Skolkr is also a heiti for ‘sword’ (Þul Sverða 2/1), and the word is only attested in the þulur.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

hlífandi ‘protecting one’

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hlífandi (noun m.): [protecting one]

notes

[6] hlífandi (m.) ‘protecting one’: Pres. part. of the weak verb hlífa ‘give cover, protect’, and not attested elsewhere as a heiti for ‘helmet’.

fjǫrnir ‘life-protector’

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fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet

notes

[7] fjǫrnir (m.) ‘life-protector’: A poetic term for ‘helmet’ (from fjǫr n. ‘life’ with the ‑nir suffix). Cf. the previous heiti. Fjǫrnir is the name of a sea-king in Þjóðólfr Frag 1/3 and a servant in Akv 10/1.

þokki ‘favour’

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þokki (noun m.; °-a): [favour, pleasure]

[7] þokki: ‘þo[…]kí’ B, ‘þoki’ 744ˣ

notes

[7] þokki (m.) ‘favour’: The heiti is probably the same word as þokki m. ‘liking, favour, disposition, appearance’ (Falk 1914b, 167). The word does not occur as a heiti for ‘helmet’ in other sources. Cf. also þýð- ‘pleasant’ among the heiti for ‘mail-shirt’ (Þul Brynju l. 5).

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

fík ‘greedy’

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fíkr (adj.): [greedy] < fíkmóinn (noun m.)

[8] fík‑: fisk‑ A, B

notes

[8] fík-Móinn ‘greedy-Móinn’: This cpd is not attested elsewhere. The heiti is formed from the poetic adj. fíkr ‘greedy, eager’ and Móinn, the name of a mythical serpent (Þul Orma 4/7; cf. also gest-Móinn ‘guest-Móinn’ among the heiti for ‘sword’, Þul Sverða 9/7). According to Falk (1914b, 167), fík-Móinn must refer to the shape (or ornamentation) of a helmet (see also Marold 1998). The A, B variant fisk-Móinn ‘fish-Móinn’ is difficult to explain as a term for ‘helmet’.

Móinn ‘Móinn’

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Móinn (noun m.): Móinn < fíkmóinn (noun m.)

notes

[8] fík-Móinn ‘greedy-Móinn’: This cpd is not attested elsewhere. The heiti is formed from the poetic adj. fíkr ‘greedy, eager’ and Móinn, the name of a mythical serpent (Þul Orma 4/7; cf. also gest-Móinn ‘guest-Móinn’ among the heiti for ‘sword’, Þul Sverða 9/7). According to Falk (1914b, 167), fík-Móinn must refer to the shape (or ornamentation) of a helmet (see also Marold 1998). The A, B variant fisk-Móinn ‘fish-Móinn’ is difficult to explain as a term for ‘helmet’.