Kenning Lexicon - kennings in poem

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Kennings — Þjóðólfr ór Hvini Ynglingatal

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Þjóð Yt 1^I
vindlauss vágr geira svigðis
‘the windless wave of the spears of the bull’ = BEER
the spears of the bull → HORNS
the windless wave of HORNS → BEER
alcoholic drink
1. liquid of the drink container
Þjóð Yt 1^I
geirr svigðis
‘of the spears of the bull’ = HORNS
the spears of the bull → HORNS
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 2^I
hinn stórgeði konr Dusla
‘the great-minded offspring of Dusli’ = Sveigðir
the great-minded offspring of Dusli → Sveigðir
Sveigðir (Yt)
. descendant of Dusli
Þjóð Yt 2^I
bjartr jǫtunbyggðr salr þeira Sǫkmímis
‘the bright giant-inhabited hall of Sǫkmímir and his followers’ = ROCK
the bright giant-inhabited hall of Sǫkmímir and his followers → ROCK
rock, stone
3.2. dwelling place of the giant
Þjóð Yt 2^I
dagskjarr Dúrnis niðja salvarðaðr
‘hall-guard of the descendants of Dúrnir’ = DWARF
the descendants of Dúrnir → DWARFS
the hall of DWARFS → ROCK
the daylight-shy guard of the ROCK → DWARF
dwarf
5. guardian of the rock
Þjóð Yt 2^I
Dúrnis niðja salr
‘of the hall of the descendants of Dúrnir’ = ROCK
the descendants of Dúrnir → DWARFS
the hall of DWARFS → ROCK
rock, stone
3.1. dwelling place of the dwarf
Þjóð Yt 2^I
Dúrnis niðr
‘of the descendants of Dúrnir’ = DWARFS
the descendants of Dúrnir → DWARFS
dwarf
1. relative of the dwarf
Þjóð Yt 3^I
vættr vitta
‘the creature of charms’ = SORCERESS
the creature of charms → SORCERESS
sorceress
1. creature of charms (B2b)
Þjóð Yt 3^I
bróðir Vilja
‘the brother of Vili’ = Óðinn
the brother of Vili → Óðinn
Óðinn
1.1. brother of Vili/Vílir (C4a)
Þjóð Yt 3^I
trollkund Grímhildr líðs
‘the troll-descended Grímhildr of strong drink’ = WOMAN
the troll-descended Grímhildr of strong drink → WOMAN
female, woman
6.2. legendary woman of drink
Þjóð Yt 3^I
sá menglǫtuðr
‘that ring-destroyer’ = GENEROUS MAN
that ring-destroyer → GENEROUS MAN
generous man
1.01.3. destroyer of the necklace
Þjóð Yt 3^I
bági ljóna
‘the fighter of men’ = KING
the fighter of men. → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
1.9. enemy of people
Þjóð Yt 4^I
niðr sævar
‘the kinsman of the sea’ = FIRE
the kinsman of the sea → FIRE
fire, flame
6.2. relative of the sea
Þjóð Yt 4^I
byrði vilja
‘the ship of the will’ = BREAST
the ship of the will → BREAST
breast, chest
1.2. vehicle of the mind (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 4^I
verjandi setrs
‘the defenders of the seat’ = RULERS
the defenders of the seat → RULERS
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Þjóð Yt 4^I
meinþjófr markar
‘the harmful thief of the forest’ = FIRE
the harmful thief of the forest → FIRE
fire, flame
2.3. thief of wood
Þjóð Yt 4^I
arinkjóll
‘the hearth-ship’ = HOUSE
the hearth-ship. → HOUSE
house
2.1. ship of the hearth
Þjóð Yt 5^I
sverð-berandi
‘the sword-bearers’ = WARRIORS
the sword-bearers → WARRIORS
warrior
1.7.12. bearer / holder of the weapon
Þjóð Yt 5^I
dolgr Jóta
‘the enemy of the Jótar’ = Dómaldi
the enemy of the Jótar. → Dómaldi
Dómaldi (Yt)
. enemy of Danish people
Þjóð Yt 6^I
dynjanda bani Hôalfs
‘the resounding slayer of Hálfr’ = FIRE
the resounding slayer of Hálfr. → FIRE
fire, flame
3.2. killer of Hálfr
Þjóð Yt 6^I
verkbitinn niðr Fjǫlnis
‘the pain-bitten descendant of Fjǫlnir’ = Dómarr
the pain-bitten descendant of Fjǫlnir → Dómarr
Dómarr (Yt)
. descendant of Fjǫlnir
Þjóð Yt 7^I
Gná Glitnis
‘the Gná of Glitnir’ = Hel
the Gná of Glitnir → Hel
Hel
3. goddess of the horse/of Glitnir (C2b/C3b)
Þjóð Yt 7^I
Jódís ulfs ok Narfa
‘the sister of the wolf and of Narfi’ = Hel
the sister of the Wolf and of Narfi → Hel
Hel
1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b)
Þjóð Yt 7^I
mær Loka
‘the maiden of Loki’ = Hel
the maiden of Loki → Hel
Hel
1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b)
Þjóð Yt 7^I
þjóð Yngva
‘of the people of Yngvi’ = Svíar
the people of Yngvi. → Svíar
Svíar
. people of Yngvi
Þjóð Yt 8^I
spakfrǫmuðr valteins
‘the wise wielder of the twig of the slain’ = WARRIOR
the twig of the slain → SWORD
the wise wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.15. promoter of the weapon
Þjóð Yt 8^I
valteinn
‘of the twig of the slain’ = SWORD
the twig of the slain → SWORD
sword
4.1.08. rod/twig of the slain
Þjóð Yt 8^I
slǫnguþref verðar Sleipnis
‘the flung grasper of the meal of Sleipnir’ = PITCHFORK
the meal of Sleipnir → HAY
the flung grasper of the HAY → PITCHFORK
pitchfork
1. grasper of hay
Þjóð Yt 8^I
verðr Sleipnis
‘of the meal of Sleipnir’ = HAY
the meal of Sleipnir → HAY
hay
. meal of Sleipnir
Þjóð Yt 9^I
dís Loga
‘the sister of Logi’ = Skjǫlf
the sister of Logi → Skjǫlf
Skjǫlf (Yng/Yt)
1. sister(?) of Logi
Þjóð Yt 9^I
svalan hestr vers Signýjar
‘the cool horse of the lover of Signý’ = GALLOWS
the lover of Signý → Hagbarðr
the cool horse of HAGBARÐR → GALLOWS
gallows
. horse of Hagbarðr
Þjóð Yt 9^I
verr Signýjar
‘of the lover of Signý’ = Hagbarðr
the lover of Signý → Hagbarðr
Hagbarðr/Hagbarði
2. lover of Signý
Þjóð Yt 10^I
frændi dags
‘the kinsmen of dagr’ = Swedish kings
the kinsmen of Dagr → Swedish kings
Swedish king, ruler
Þjóð Yt 10^I
afspringr Freys
‘of an offspring of Freyr’ = Swedish king
an offspring of Freyr → Swedish king
Swedish king, ruler
Þjóð Yt 11^I
hinn vǫrðr véstalls
‘that guardian of the altar of the sanctuary’ = KING
that guardian of the altar of the sanctuary, → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Þjóð Yt 11^I
valsœfandi
‘the slaughterers of the slain’ = WARRIORS
the slaughterers of the slain → WARRIORS
warrior
15.2. killer of the slain
Þjóð Yt 12^I
hábrjóstr Sleipnir hǫrva
‘the high-breasted Sleipnir of flax cords’ = GALLOWS
the high-breasted Sleipnir of flax cords → GALLOWS
gallows
. horse of the cord
Þjóð Yt 12^I
bani Goðlaugs
‘the slayer of Guðlaugr’ = Jǫrundr
the slayer of Guðlaugr. → Jǫrundr
Jǫrundr (Yt)
1. killer of Guðlaugr
Þjóð Yt 12^I
leif hǫðnu hagbarðs
‘the remnant of the kid of hagbarðr’ = NOOSE
the remnant of the kid of Hagbarðr → NOOSE
noose
. leather strap of Hagbarðr
Þjóð Yt 12^I
leif hǫðnu
‘the remnant of the kid’ = LEATHER STRAP
the remnant of the kid → LEATHER STRAP
leather strap
1. remains of the goats
Þjóð Yt 12^I
valdr hersa
‘of the lord of hersar’ = KING
the lord of hersar. → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.2. lord of princes
Þjóð Yt 13^I
mækir sveiðurs
‘of the sword of the bull’ = HORN
the sword of the bull → HORN
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 13^I
rjóðr ôttunga
‘the reddener of kinsmen’ = Aunn
the reddener of kinsmen → Aunn
Aunn (Yt)
. reddener of relatives
Þjóð Yt 13^I
lǫgðir okhreins
‘of the sword of the yoke-reindeer’ = HORN
the yoke-reindeer. → BULL
the sword of the BULL → HORN
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 13^I
okhreinn
‘of the yoke-reindeer’ = BULL
the yoke-reindeer. → BULL
bull, ox
1.1. animal of the yoke (A2)
Þjóð Yt 13^I
mækir hjarðar
‘the sword of the bull’ = HORN
the sword of the bull. → HORN
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 14^I
lofsæll áttungr Týs
‘the famous descendant of Týr’ = Swedish king
the famous descendant of Týr → Swedish king
Swedish king, ruler
Þjóð Yt 14^I
eykr jǫtuns
‘the draught-animal of the giant’ = BULL
the draught-animal of the giant, → BULL
bull, ox
2.1. draught-animal of the giant (A2)
Þjóð Yt 14^I
hǫrgr brúna
‘the cairn of the brows ’ = HORN
the cairn of the brows → HORN
head
1.4. place or bone of the brows (A3 and A2)
Þjóð Yt 14^I
trjóna farra
‘its weapon of the bull ’ = HEAD
its weapon of the bull → HEAD
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 14^I
skíðlauss hjǫrr hœfis
‘the sheathless sword of the bull’ = HORN
the sheathless sword of the bull → HORN
horn
1. weapon of the bovine (A1a)
Þjóð Yt 14^I
niðr skilfinga
‘of the descendant of the skilfingar’ = Swedish king
the descendant of the Skilfingar. → Swedish king
Swedish king, ruler
Þjóð Yt 15^I
hergammr
‘the battle-vulture’ = RAVEN/EAGLE
The battle-vulture, → RAVEN/EAGLE
raven/eagle
1.1. bird of battle (A2)
Þjóð Yt 15^I
vígfrǫmuðr
‘the inciter of war’ = WARRIOR
the inciter of war. → WARRIOR
warrior
2.5.1.4. promoter of battle
Þjóð Yt 16^I
vættr vitta
‘the creature of charms’ = SORCERESS
the creature of charms → SORCERESS
sorceress
1. creature of charms (B2b)
Þjóð Yt 16^I
dáðgjarn áttungr Freys
‘the deed-eager descendant of Freyr’ = Swedish king
the deed-eager descendant of Freyr → Swedish king
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Þjóð Yt 16^I
burr bragnings
‘of the son of the ruler’ = RULER
the son of the ruler → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Þjóð Yt 17^I
bitsótt þangs hlíðar
‘the biting sickness of the sea-weed of the hill-slope’ = FIRE
the sea-weed of the hill-slope → FOREST
the biting sickness of the FOREST → FIRE
fire, flame
1.3. illness of the tree
Þjóð Yt 17^I
þang hlíðar
‘of the sea-weed of the hill-slope’ = FOREST
the sea-weed of the hill-slope → FOREST
forest, thicket, woodland
1. seaweed of the earth
Þjóð Yt 17^I
brandnór
‘the fire-ship’ = HOUSE
the fire-ship → HOUSE
house
2.1. ship of the hearth
Þjóð Yt 17^I
timbrfastr nǫkkvi toptar
‘the timber-fast boat of the building plot’ = HOUSE
the timber-fast boat of the building plot, → HOUSE
house
2.2. ship of the building-plot
Þjóð Yt 18^I
hjarta lagar
‘the heart of the water’ = ISLAND
the heart of the water. → ISLAND
island, skerry
4. heart of the sea
Þjóð Yt 19^I
harmr bura Jónakrs
‘by the pain of the sons of Jónakr’ = STONES
by the pain of the sons of Jónakr → STONES
rock, stone
4.1. harm of Jónakr's sons
Þjóð Yt 19^I
ofvæg heift hrísungs
‘the crushing hatred of the bastard’ = STONES
the crushing hatred of the bastard → STONES
rock, stone
4.2. hate of the bastard
Þjóð Yt 19^I
dolgr Eistra
‘the enemy of the Estonians’ = Ǫnundr
the enemy of the Estonians. → Ǫnundr
Ǫnundr (Yt)
. enemy of the Estonians
Þjóð Yt 19^I
sá frǫmuðr *reyrs Hǫgna
‘that wielder of the reed of Hǫgni’ = WARRIOR
the reed of Hǫgni → SWORD
that wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
warrior
1.7.15. promoter of the weapon
Þjóð Yt 19^I
reyr Hǫgna
‘of the reed of Hǫgni’ = SWORD
the reed of Hǫgni → SWORD
sword
4.2.4. reed of a legendary hero
Þjóð Yt 19^I
bein foldar
‘by the bones of the earth’ = STONES
by the bones of the earth. → STONES
rock, stone
1.1.1. bone of the earth
Þjóð Yt 20^I
rausuðr reyks
‘the gusher of smoke’ = FIRE
the gusher of smoke → FIRE
fire, flame
7. gusher of smoke
Þjóð Yt 20^I
húsþjófr
‘the house-thief’ = FIRE
the house-thief → FIRE
fire, flame
2.3. thief of wood
Þjóð Yt 21^I
hofgylðir
‘the temple-wolf’ = FIRE
the temple-wolf → FIRE
fire, flame
2.2. wolf of wood
Þjóð Yt 21^I
glóðfjalgr sonr Fornjóts
‘the ember-hot son of Fornjótr’ = FIRE
the ember-hot son of Fornjótr → FIRE
fire, flame
6.1. son of Fornjótr
Þjóð Yt 21^I
sá áttkonr kyns lofða
‘that descendant of the kindred of rulers’ = KING
the kindred of rulers → KINGS
That descendant of KINGS → KING
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.1. descendant of a ruler
Þjóð Yt 21^I
kyn lofða
‘of the kindred of rulers’ = KINGS
the kindred of rulers → KINGS
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
2.3. relative of a ruler
Þjóð Yt 22^I
hlífi-Nauma hallvarps
‘the protecting Nauma of the cairn’ = Hel
the protecting Nauma of the cairn → Hel
Hel
2. goddess of the sphere of death (C1b/C2b)
Þjóð Yt 22^I
brynjalfr
‘of the mailcoat-elf’ = WARRIOR
the mailcoat-elf → WARRIOR
warrior
1.5.2. male mythical being of the mail-coat
Þjóð Yt 23^I
mær bróður Býleists
‘the maiden of the brother of Býleistr’ = Hel
the brother of Býleistr. → Loki
the maiden of LOKI → Hel
Hel
1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b)
Þjóð Yt 23^I
bróðir Býleists
‘of the brother of Býleistr’ = Loki
the brother of Býleistr. → Loki
Loki
1.2. brother of Býleistr
Þjóð Yt 23^I
lǫðuðr rekks
‘the inviter of the warrior’ = RULER
the inviter of the warrior → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler
Þjóð Yt 23^I
bein lagar
‘the bones of the sea’ = STONES
the bones of the sea → STONES
rock, stone
2.1.1. bone of waters
Þjóð Yt 24^I
mær Hveðrungs
‘the maiden of Hveðrungr’ = Hel
the maiden of Hveðrungr → Hel
Hel
1. female relative of Loki or his offspring (C4a/C4b)
Þjóð Yt 26^I
vígmiðlungr
‘the battle-dealer’ = WARRIOR
the battle-dealer → WARRIOR
warrior
Þjóð Yt 27^I
stjóri reiðar
‘the steerer of the carriage’ = RULER
the steerer of the carriage, → RULER
chieftain, king, leader, lord, prince, ruler

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Kennings — Þjóðólfr ór Hvini Ynglingatal

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