R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Þjóðólfr ór Hvini, Lausavísur 2’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 65.
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
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ér (pron.; °gen. yðvar/yðar, dat./acc. yðr): you
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áðr (adv.; °//): before
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flý (noun n.; °-s): °(på anker) flig/arm (cf. akkerisfleinn sb. m.)
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2. fley (noun n.; °-s): ship
[1] fleyja: flýja Kˣ, fleyja with flýja in margin 761aˣ
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flatr (adj.): level, shame-faced < flatvǫllr (noun m.): [flat plain]
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vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field < flatvǫllr (noun m.): [flat plain]
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heðan (adv.): hence, from this place
[2] heðan ‘after this’: Normally ‘hence’. It is tempting to construe this with fariða ér ‘do not go’ (so, e.g. Uppström 1919, 42). However, as the division of a line into three parts is extremely rare (Reichardt 1928, 155-72 collects examples), it is best to give heðan temporal significance such as þaðan ‘thence, thereafter’ often has (so Kock, NN §§1814E, 2817 anm.).
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batna (verb; °-að-): improve
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1. verpa (verb): to throw, cast (up)
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1. vegr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar/-ir, gen. -a/-na, acc. -a/-i/-u): way, path, side
[3] vegr: veg Kˣ
[3] vegr ‘the road’: Skj B and Skald adopt the acc. form veg found in Kˣ. Skj B further makes this the object of fariða ér ‘do not go (on)’ and forms an intercalary clause of verpr … grjóti … of sæ stóran ‘stones are tossed over/on the swollen sea’. Kock (NN §143; Skald) simplifies the word order somewhat, taking l. 3 as an intercalary clause with an impersonal verb and an acc. of place, ‘stones are cast on/over Geitir’s road [SEA]’. But adopting nom. vegr, which is found in all the other mss, renders the clearest syntax (so also ÍF 26; Hkr 1991). It also perhaps explains why the sea is said to fling stones, since the vegr may be envisaged as a road surfaced with gravel (Reichardt 1928, 165).
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grjót (noun n.): rock, stone
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guð- ((prefix)): [Guð] < Goðrøðr (noun m.): [Guðrøðr]
[4] Górøðr (‘gvðrꜹðr’): ‘Guð(n)ǫðr’(?) J2ˣ
[4] Górøðr ‘Guðrøðr’: Son of King Haraldr hárfagri ‘Fair-hair’ and foster-son of Þjóðólfr. Although the mss give the first element of his name as Guð-, the variant form Górøðr, with compensatory lengthening upon loss of ð in Goðrøðr (ANG §§123, 292), is required by the aðalhending with stóran ‘big, swollen, stormy’.
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-røðr (noun m.): [røðr] < Goðrøðr (noun m.): [Guðrøðr]
[4] Górøðr (‘gvðrꜹðr’): ‘Guð(n)ǫðr’(?) J2ˣ
[4] Górøðr ‘Guðrøðr’: Son of King Haraldr hárfagri ‘Fair-hair’ and foster-son of Þjóðólfr. Although the mss give the first element of his name as Guð-, the variant form Górøðr, with compensatory lengthening upon loss of ð in Goðrøðr (ANG §§123, 292), is required by the aðalhending with stóran ‘big, swollen, stormy’.
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
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sjór (noun m.): sea
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stórr (adj.): large, great
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vindbýsn (noun n.): wind-portent, storm
[5] vindbýsna ‘the wind-portents [storm]’: Eggert Ó. Brím (1895, 25) interprets this to mean ‘culmination of the storm’; see also Finnur Jónsson (1884, 60). LP: vindbýsn (following in part Konráð Gíslason 1892, 48) explains that it means ‘wind-sign’, i.e. ‘sign that the wind is at its fiercest (and will soon abate)’. This may be right, but there is stronger precedent for the meaning if we associate the word with býsnaveðr ‘portentous weather’ (see CVC: býsn) and assume a similar meaning. It makes better sense, too, for Þjóðólfr to warn against departing if the weather is portentous than if the storm is about to abate.
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader
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víðr (adj.): far < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
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frægr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ri, superl. -jastr/-astr/-str): famous, renowned < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
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heðan (adv.): hence, from this place
[6] heðan ‘here’: The meaning is normally ‘hence, from here’, but with bíða ‘await’ heðan is often used to mean ‘here’: see CVC: bíða I.
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bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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með (prep.): with
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
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3. verðr (adj.): worth, worthy
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2. veðr (noun n.; °-s; -): weather, wind, storm
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nú (adv.): now
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brim (noun n.): surf
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
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2. Jaðarr (noun m.): Jæren
[8] Jaðri ‘Jæren’: Guðrøðr’s voyage to Rogaland would take him westwards along Jæren, which lies along the coast in the extreme south-west of Norway. The implication of the final clause is that the weather is even worse off Jæren than it is here in Kvine. The aðalhending of veðr ‘weather’ and Jaðri is permissible because the latter word presumably still had the form *Eðri in Þjóðólfr’s day, fracture not yet having spread from the cases without syncope (Hoffory 1883).
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Fariða ér, áðr fleyja |
Do not go, Guðrøðr, over the swollen sea before the flat plain of ships [SEA] improves after this; the road of Geitir <sea-king> [SEA PATH] flings stones. Far-renowned leader, you must wait out the wind-portents [storm] here; remain with us until there is favourable weather; now there is surf off Jæren.
Þjóðólfr warns his foster-son Guðrøðr ljómi ‘Beam of light’ to delay a voyage from Hvinir (Kvine) to Rogaland till the present storms have passed. The prose following the stanza adds that Guðrøðr sets out all the same, and he and his men perish off Jaðarr (Jæren).
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