Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorleikr fagri, Flokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 317.
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stýrir (noun m.): ruler, controller
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3. Ulfr (noun m.): Úlfr
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til (prep.): to
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elfr (noun f.): river
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ósk (noun f.; °-ar; dat. -um): wish, desire < óskmǫgr (noun m.)
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mǫgr (noun m.; °; megir, acc. mǫgu): son, boy < óskmǫgr (noun m.)
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful
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sás (conj.): the one who
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hræ (noun n.; °; -): corpse, carrion < hrækǫstr (noun m.): corpse-mound
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kǫstr (noun m.; °dat. kesti; kestir, acc. kǫstu): pile < hrækǫstr (noun m.): corpse-mound
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
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2. hlaða (verb): heap, pile
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í (prep.): in, into
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Gunnr (noun f.): Gunnr
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2. veðr (noun n.; °-s; -): weather, wind, storm
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2. vé (noun n.; °; -): banner, standard
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þars (conj.): where
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vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field
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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon < vápnlauðr (noun n.)
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lauðr (noun n.): foam, surf < vápnlauðr (noun n.)
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2. drífa (verb; °drífr; dreif, drifu; drifinn): drive, rush
[6] drífr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘covers’: Drífa ‘fly, drift, cover’ is used impersonally with rauðu vápnlauðri (n. dat. sg.) ‘red weapon-foam’ (l. 6) as a dat. instr. and vǫllu (m. acc. pl.) ‘fields’ (l. 5) as an acc. of place.
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rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
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regn (noun n.; °-s; -): rain
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drepa (verb; °drepr; drap, drápu; drepinn): kill, strike
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2. Gautr (noun m.): Gautr, Óðinn
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í (prep.): in, into
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gegnum (prep.): through
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gull (noun n.): gold < gullmerkðr (adj.)
[8] gullmerk*ð Hôolfs: ‘gullmarkuð holfs’ FskBˣ, 51ˣ
[8] gullmerk*ð (n. nom. pl.) ‘gold-embroidered’: Merk- (rather than mark-) is determined by the internal rhyme, and the syllable -uð in gullmarkuð ‘gold-embroidered’ (so both mss) is secondary. It must have been added to achieve a l. with six syllables. The metre requires a disyllabic word in positions 1-2 with the hiatus word Holfs ‘Hálfr’s’, which had not yet been syncopated (cf. the later ms. form ‘holfs’; so both mss), in positions 3-4.
[8] gullmerk*ð Hôolfs: ‘gullmarkuð holfs’ FskBˣ, 51ˣ
[8] gullmerk*ð (n. nom. pl.) ‘gold-embroidered’: Merk- (rather than mark-) is determined by the internal rhyme, and the syllable -uð in gullmarkuð ‘gold-embroidered’ (so both mss) is secondary. It must have been added to achieve a l. with six syllables. The metre requires a disyllabic word in positions 1-2 with the hiatus word Holfs ‘Hálfr’s’, which had not yet been syncopated (cf. the later ms. form ‘holfs’; so both mss), in positions 3-4.
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Halfr (noun m.): Hálfr
[8] gullmerk*ð Hôolfs: ‘gullmarkuð holfs’ FskBˣ, 51ˣ
[8] serki Hôolfs ‘Hálfr’s <legendary king’s> shirts [BYRNIES]’: Hálfr was a legendary warrior king (see Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka (Hálf), especially chs 12-13).
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1. serkr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -/-i; -ir): shirt
[8] serki Hôolfs ‘Hálfr’s <legendary king’s> shirts [BYRNIES]’: Hálfr was a legendary warrior king (see Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka (Hálf), especially chs 12-13).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Stýrir Ulfs til Elfar |
Úlfr’s beloved son [= Sveinn], who stacks the highest corpse-piles in the storm of Gunnr <valkyrie> [BATTLE], steers fair ships to the Götaälv. Gold-embroidered banners flutter where red weapon-foam [BLOOD] covers the fields; the rain of Gautr <= Óðinn> [ARROWS] hammers through Hálfr’s <legendary king’s> shirts [BYRNIES].
As sts 2-4 above.
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