Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 196-7.
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2. heyra (verb): hear
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
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herskjǫldr (noun m.): war-shield
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
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kundr (noun m.): descendant
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til (prep.): to
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grund (noun f.): earth, land
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heppinn (adj.; °comp. heppnari, superl. heppnastr): fortunate
[3] heppinn: heitinn E, J2ˣ
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2. draga (verb; °dregr; dró, drógu; dreginn/droget(Hirð NKS 1642 4° 146v²⁹; cf. [$962$])): drag, pull, draw
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af (prep.): from
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hlunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): roller
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sléttr (adj.): level, smooth
[4] bǫrð ‘prows’: The variant borð (so 39, E, J2ˣ) would make equally good sense in the context: ‘you dragged rime-spread bulwarks from the smooth launcher’.
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í (prep.): in, into
[4] í stefjaméli ‘in a refrain-section’: On the part of the stefjamél in the structure of the drápa, see General Introduction in SkP I, and cf. Kreutzer 1977, 210.
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stefjamél (noun n.): [a refrain-section]
[4] í stefjaméli ‘in a refrain-section’: On the part of the stefjamél in the structure of the drápa, see General Introduction in SkP I, and cf. Kreutzer 1977, 210.
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aldri (adv.): never
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1. fregna (verb): hear of
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2. en (conj.): but, and
[5] en ‘and’: Since ms. ‘enn’ is in a position of low stress it is taken here as the conj. en ‘but, and’ (so also Kock, who cites parallels in NN §815). To take it instead as the adv. enn ‘yet, still’, modifying aldri frák, hence ‘never yet have I heard’ (so Skj B), or vísi, valdið sorg Venða ‘prince, you still cause grief for the Wends’ produces an unacceptable w. o.
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valda (verb): cause
[5] valdið ‘you cause’: The use of the pres. tense verb alongside past tense forms might imply that Magnús was still undertaking or contemplating action against the Wends when Arnórr composed his Hryn, or else more generally that it is Magnús’s habit or natural role to make onslaughts on the Wends (cf. the same idea and wording in st. 13/1-2).
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venðr (noun m.): Wend
[6] Venða (m. gen. pl.) ‘for the Wends’: Magnús’s expedition against this pagan Slavic people was designed to curb their westward incursions on the coasts of north Germany and Denmark. On the Wends, see Damgaard-Sørensen 1991. The form of the name is difficult to establish. Early (non-Norse) evidence would point to an alternation of [e] and [i] as root vowel (see AEW: Vindr 2). Arnórr’s rhyme on spenði ‘steered’ (l. 6) suggests [e] here, but several other skaldic rhymes, such as that on ginðu ‘gaped, yawned’ in Hókr Eirfl 7/2I, suggest [i].
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sorg (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sorrow, affliction
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4. at (conj.): that
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dǫglingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
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spenja (verb): entice
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flaustr (noun n.): ship
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2. þá (adv.): then
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2. flóð (noun n.): flood
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4. of (particle): (before verb)
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rísta (verb): carve, raise
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
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til (prep.): to
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óðal (noun n.; °-s, dat. óð(a)li/óðrli; óðul, dat. óðlum/óðrlum): (hereditary) property
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Ruler’s kinsman, you shall hear in a refrain-section how you carried the war-shield to the land of the Wends; you dragged, fortunate, rime-spread prows from the smooth launcher. Never have I heard that a sovereign steered more ships against their patrimony, and, prince, you cause grief for the Wends; then the flood was carved by ships.
Magnús leads a fleet against the rebellious Wends of Wollin (Jómsborg).
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