ÞjóðA Magnfl 4II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Magnússflokkr 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 68-9.
Djarft ‘boldly’
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djarfr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bold
þú ‘You’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
dróttinn ‘lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
dolg ‘battle’
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dolg (noun n.): battle, enemy < dolgstrangr (adj.)
[2] dolg‑: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, dól‑ Kˣ, papp18ˣ
strangr ‘strong’
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strangr (adj.): strong < dolgstrangr (adj.)
skipa ‘ships’
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
notes
[2] langra skipa ‘long ships’: Jesch (2001a, 123) argues that langskip is not a technical term, and is not specifically Viking.
langra ‘long’
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langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long
notes
[2] langra skipa ‘long ships’: Jesch (2001a, 123) argues that langskip is not a technical term, and is not specifically Viking.
af ‘’
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af (prep.): from
þvít ‘as’
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þvít (conj.): because, since
ýtar ‘men’
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ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
hǫfðu ‘steered’
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hafa (verb): have
austr ‘eastwards’
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3. austr (adv.; °compar. -ar, superl. -ast): east, in the east
sjau ‘seven’
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sjau (num. cardinal): seven
tøgu ‘ty’
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tíu (num. cardinal): ten
flausta ‘vessels’
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flaust (noun n.): ship
Suðr ‘south’
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2. suðr (adv.): south, in the south
súðir ‘Strakes’
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súð (noun f.; °-ar; gen. -a): planking, ship
segl ‘sails’
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segl (noun n.; °-s; -): sail
notes
[6] hýnd ‘high-hoisted’: The sails are hoisted up as far as the húnn or mast-top (cf. st. 2/8; this is one of a number of echoes of st. 2).
við ‘with’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
stag ‘the forestay’
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stag (noun n.; °-s; *-): forestay, stay
[6] stag: ‘stǫg’ E, ‘sto᷎g’ J2ˣ
notes
[6] stag (n.) ‘forestay’: The sg. is retained in the Text and Translation, though after the pl. segl rýndu ‘sails conversed’, a pl. would be natural, and this is presumably the motivation for the variant stǫg and for Finnur’s translation tovene ‘ropes, cables’ (Hkr and Skj B) and Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson’s ‘stag (stög)’ (ÍF 28). The stag was seemingly a cable from the mast-top to the prow. For a similar nautical image, see Valg Har 6 and see Foote 1978, 60-1, who instances the word to refute claims that Viking Age ships had no standing rigging.
vík ‘the sound’
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vík (noun f.): bay
vand ‘the tall’
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vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast < vandlangr (adj.)
[7] vand‑: vann‑ 39
langt ‘masted’
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langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long < vandlangr (adj.)
[7] ‑langt: lǫng F
eiki ‘oak’
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eiki (noun n.): oak, oak ship
[7] eiki: so 39, F, J2ˣ, eyki Kˣ, papp18ˣ, æki E
Visundr ‘Visundr (‘Bison’)’
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vísundr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): bison
notes
[8] Visundr ‘(“Bison”)’: Hkr follows this st. with the remark that this magnificent vessel, with gold-adorned stems and more than thirty pairs of rowing benches, had been owned by Magnús’s father Óláfr. The ship-name also appears in Sigv ErfÓl 3/8I, Arn Hryn 9 and 16, and (as a kenning element) in Arn Magndr 4.
hneigði ‘plunged’
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hneigja (verb): incline, pay homage
notes
[8] þrǫm (m. acc. sg.) ‘rail’: Jesch glosses þrǫmr as ‘rim, edge, rail’ (2001, 153) or ‘sheer-strake’ (141; the latter is defined in OED as ‘the uppermost strake of the side planking ... of a vessel’).
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Hearing of the death of Hǫrðaknútr in Denmark, Magnús sends envoys to Dan. magnates, reminding them that they had sworn loyalty to him as part of a pact he had made with Hǫrðaknútr. He vows to possess Denmark or die and then sets out with a great fleet.
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