Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Vitnisvísur af Máríu 4’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 742-3.
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blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
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barn (noun n.; °-s; bǫrn/barn(JKr 345³), dat. bǫrnum/barnum): child < barnaœði (noun n.)
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2. œði (noun n.; °-s): °natur, sindelag, karakter, væsen; handling, gerning; (for ǿði sb. f.?) ?voldsomhed < barnaœði (noun n.)
[1] ‑æði: æðu 721
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bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
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2. kveikja (verb): kindle
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þar (adv.): there
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1. leikr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -/-i; -ar): sport, play
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
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með (prep.): with
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king < konungsdóttir (noun f.)
[4] konungsdóttur ‘the king’s daughter’: The l. is unmetrical because the second lift falls on a short syllable (suspended resolution). Skald emends to konungsins dóttur ‘the king’s daughter’ (with an enclitic def. art.; see NN §3358 and 10/6 below). Konungs ‘the king’s’ is abbreviated as ‘konungs’ (713) or ‘konvngs’ (721) (see Note to 3/3 above).
[4] konungsdóttur ‘the king’s daughter’: The l. is unmetrical because the second lift falls on a short syllable (suspended resolution). Skald emends to konungsins dóttur ‘the king’s daughter’ (with an enclitic def. art.; see NN §3358 and 10/6 below). Konungs ‘the king’s’ is abbreviated as ‘konungs’ (713) or ‘konvngs’ (721) (see Note to 3/3 above).
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2. sjá (verb): see
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mega (verb): may, might
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sveinn (noun m.; °sveins; sveinar): boy, servant, attendant
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af (prep.): from
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mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden
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sjaldan (adv.): seldom
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nær (adv.): near, almost; when
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eða (conj.): or
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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1. verða (verb): become, be
[7] varð ‘was’: Lit. ‘became’. Skald emends to var ‘was’ to achieve neutralisation in the first dip (two short syllables var í rather than a long + a short syllable varð í). Because the poem is late and the metre irregular, that emendation is unnecessary. — [7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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1. verða (verb): become, be
[7] varð ‘was’: Lit. ‘became’. Skald emends to var ‘was’ to achieve neutralisation in the first dip (two short syllables var í rather than a long + a short syllable varð í). Because the poem is late and the metre irregular, that emendation is unnecessary. — [7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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í (prep.): in, into
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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ást (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): love
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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af (prep.): from
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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ást (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): love
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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áfengr (adj.; °superl. -astr): [vehemently]
[7-8] það varð áfeingt í ást af ástum ‘that was vehemently turned into love from the loves’: Það ‘that’ refers to the fact that the boy could not keep his eyes off the girl: he looked at her, and fell in love because of their mutual attraction. Varð áfeingt lit. means ‘turned intoxicatingly’, an apt description of his state of mind. Sperber reads í ást ‘into love’ as jast (m. acc. sg.) ‘yeast’ in both mss and suggests a meaning ‘fermented drink’ (see Sperber 1911, 70; Schottmann 1973, 377 n. 7). However, í ást ‘into love’ is written as two distinct words in both mss.
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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gefa (verb): give
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