Cookies on our website

We use cookies on this website, mainly to provide a secure browsing experience but also to collect statistics on how the website is used. You can find out more about the cookies we set, the information we store and how we use it on the cookies page.

Continue

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

Menu Search

Close

Anon (FoGT) 3^III

Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Lausavísur, Stanzas from the Fourth Grammatical Treatise 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 575.

Anonymous Lausavísur Stanzas from the Fourth Grammatical Treatise

Eg ‘I’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

veit ‘know’

(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know

að ‘that’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

ní ‘not’

(not checked:)
nei (particle): [not]

notes

[1] ní ‘not’: Negative particle, form of nei ‘no’, attested in Old Icelandic poetry only here and in Am 48/8, but cf. the first element of the cpd verb níkvæða ‘deny’ (lit. ‘say “no”’).

neitar ‘deny’

(not checked:)
1. neita (verb): refuse

Nytju ‘of Nytja’

(not checked:)
Nytja (noun f.): Nytja

kennings

Gunnr logs Nytju
‘the Gunnr of the flame of Nytja ’
= WOMAN
the flame of Nytja → GOLD
the Gunnr of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[2] Nytju ‘of Nytja <river>’: River name, forming the determinant of a regular gold-kenning. Cf. Grí 28/4 Nyt, SnE 2005, 33 and Note to Þul Á 6/1.

Nytju ‘of Nytja’

(not checked:)
Nytja (noun f.): Nytja

kennings

Gunnr logs Nytju
‘the Gunnr of the flame of Nytja ’
= WOMAN
the flame of Nytja → GOLD
the Gunnr of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[2] Nytju ‘of Nytja <river>’: River name, forming the determinant of a regular gold-kenning. Cf. Grí 28/4 Nyt, SnE 2005, 33 and Note to Þul Á 6/1.

logs ‘of the flame’

(not checked:)
log (noun n.; °; -): flame

[2] logs: lǫgs W

kennings

Gunnr logs Nytju
‘the Gunnr of the flame of Nytja ’
= WOMAN
the flame of Nytja → GOLD
the Gunnr of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[2] logs ‘of the flame’: For orthographic <ǫ> standing for [o] in W, see SnE 1848-87, III, liii-liv and TGT 1884, 242 n. 1. See also st. 14/7 below.

logs ‘of the flame’

(not checked:)
log (noun n.; °; -): flame

[2] logs: lǫgs W

kennings

Gunnr logs Nytju
‘the Gunnr of the flame of Nytja ’
= WOMAN
the flame of Nytja → GOLD
the Gunnr of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[2] logs ‘of the flame’: For orthographic <ǫ> standing for [o] in W, see SnE 1848-87, III, liii-liv and TGT 1884, 242 n. 1. See also st. 14/7 below.

því ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

er ‘for which’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

flytja ‘plead’

(not checked:)
flytja (verb): convey, move

meiðar ‘trees’

(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

geir ‘of the spear’

(not checked:)
geirr (noun m.): spear < geirþing (noun n.): spear-assembly

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

geir ‘of the spear’

(not checked:)
geirr (noun m.): spear < geirþing (noun n.): spear-assembly

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

þings ‘assembly’

(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < geirþing (noun n.): spear-assembly

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

þings ‘assembly’

(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < geirþing (noun n.): spear-assembly

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

… ‘the …’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

kennings

… meiðar geirþings
‘the … trees of the spear-assembly ’
= WARRIORS
the spear-assembly → BATTLE
the … trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

notes

[3] …: Unlike Anon (FoGT) 1/2, where the scribe has left a gap for a word that was never filled in, there is no sign in W that anything is missing between geirþings ‘of the spear-assembly’ and Gunnr (l. 4), but, as it stands, l. 3 is hypometrical and eds generally assume a missing word, which must begin with <g> for purposes of alliteration. Árni Magnússon wrote ‘[góðir]’ ‘good’ after geirþings in 761aˣ(94r), and Finnur Jónsson, Kock and Longo use the same adj., qualifying meiðar, in Skj B, Skald and FoGT 2004. SnE 1848-87, II, 194, following Rask (1818a, 336) has glaðir ‘cheerful’, but, as Björn Magnússon Ólsen (FoGT 1884, 242) points out, the second-to-last syllable of the line must be long. The latter conjectured glóða ‘of embers’, providing the kenning meiðar glóða geirþings ‘the trees of the embers of the spear-assembly [BATTLE > SWORDS > WARRIORS]’.

Gunnr ‘the Gunnr’

(not checked:)
Gunnr (noun f.): Gunnr

kennings

Gunnr logs Nytju
‘the Gunnr of the flame of Nytja ’
= WOMAN
the flame of Nytja → GOLD
the Gunnr of the GOLD → WOMAN

fjarð ‘of the fjord’

(not checked:)
fjǫrðr (noun m.): fjord < fjarðlogi (noun m.): [fjord-flame]

kennings

runni fjarðloga,
‘to the bush of the fjord-flame ’
= MAN
the fjord-flame → GOLD
to the bush of the GOLD → MAN

fjarð ‘of the fjord’

(not checked:)
fjǫrðr (noun m.): fjord < fjarðlogi (noun m.): [fjord-flame]

kennings

runni fjarðloga,
‘to the bush of the fjord-flame ’
= MAN
the fjord-flame → GOLD
to the bush of the GOLD → MAN

loga ‘flame’

(not checked:)
logi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): flame < fjarðlogi (noun m.): [fjord-flame]

kennings

runni fjarðloga,
‘to the bush of the fjord-flame ’
= MAN
the fjord-flame → GOLD
to the bush of the GOLD → MAN

loga ‘flame’

(not checked:)
logi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): flame < fjarðlogi (noun m.): [fjord-flame]

kennings

runni fjarðloga,
‘to the bush of the fjord-flame ’
= MAN
the fjord-flame → GOLD
to the bush of the GOLD → MAN

runni ‘to the bush’

(not checked:)
runnr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): bush, tree

kennings

runni fjarðloga,
‘to the bush of the fjord-flame ’
= MAN
the fjord-flame → GOLD
to the bush of the GOLD → MAN

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The fourth and final example of litotes in FoGT. The author prefaces his quotation of this example with: Stvndvm standa tvær neitingar fyrer einni iatan sem her ‘Sometimes two negations stand instead of one affirmation, as here’. Following the citation of the helmingr, the author explains: her seger skalldit, at konan sv er manni iataðiz fyrer flvtning fǫrvnavta sinna, neitaði ní ‘here the poet says that the woman who consented to the man on account of the pleading of his companions did not say no’.

log in home page info previous up a level next archive and create persistent link on archive.org

© Skaldic Project Academic Body and Brepols, unless otherwise noted. Database structure and interface developed by Tarrin Wills. All users of material on this database are reminded that its content may be either subject to copyright restrictions or is the property of the custodians of linked databases that have given permission for members of the skaldic project to use their material for research purposes. Those users who have been given access to as yet unpublished material are further reminded that they may not use, publish or otherwise manipulate such material except with the express permission of the individual editor of the material in question and the General Editor of the volume in which the material is to be published. Applications for permission to use such material should be made in the first instance to the General Editor of the volume in question. All information that appears in the published volumes has been thoroughly reviewed. If you believe some information here is incorrect please contact Tarrin Wills with full details.

Close

Stanza/chapter/text segment

Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.

Information tab

text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant

Interactive tab

The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.

Full text tab

This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.

Chapter/text segment

This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.