Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Øxna heiti 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 890.
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kýr (noun f.; °kýr, dat. kú; kýr): cow
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2. heita (verb): be called, promise
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kvíga (noun f.; °-u; -ur): °kvie, kviekalv
[2] frenja (f.) ‘lower’: A poetic name for ‘cow’ related to the weak verb frenja ‘roar, low’.
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < Auðhumbla (noun f.)
[3] Auðhumbla: Or Auðhumla. In Gylf (SnE 2005, 11), this is the name of the mythical cow whose milk feeds Ymir, the primeval giant. The name may mean ‘wealthy hornless cow’, from auðr m. ‘wealth’ (here most likely implying that this cow had plenty of milk) and ‑humla f. derived from the adj. *humala-, humula-, cf. ModEngl. humble ‘hornless’ (AEW: Auðhumla, Auðumla, Auðhumbla; Noreen 1918, 169-72; Olsen 1938b, 71). Alternatively, the second element may be the same word as humla f. ‘hop’, a plant used during beer-brewing (Toporova and Uspensky 1999, 132-3). This heiti is not found in poetry.
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(unknown) < Auðhumbla (noun f.)
[3] ‑humbla: ‑umbla Tˣ, C, A, ‘‑kumla’ B
[3] Auðhumbla: Or Auðhumla. In Gylf (SnE 2005, 11), this is the name of the mythical cow whose milk feeds Ymir, the primeval giant. The name may mean ‘wealthy hornless cow’, from auðr m. ‘wealth’ (here most likely implying that this cow had plenty of milk) and ‑humla f. derived from the adj. *humala-, humula-, cf. ModEngl. humble ‘hornless’ (AEW: Auðhumla, Auðumla, Auðhumbla; Noreen 1918, 169-72; Olsen 1938b, 71). Alternatively, the second element may be the same word as humla f. ‘hop’, a plant used during beer-brewing (Toporova and Uspensky 1999, 132-3). This heiti is not found in poetry.
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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kýr (noun f.; °kýr, dat. kú; kýr): cow
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