Þul Manna 10III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Manna heiti 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 785.
Sessunautar ‘Bench-partners’
(not checked:)
sessunautr (noun m.)
[1] Sessunautar: ‘Sess[…]no᷎tr’ B, ‘Sessu no᷎tr’ 744ˣ
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
sifjungar ‘affines’
(not checked:)
sifjungr (noun m.; °; -ar): °slægtning, person som er familierelateret ved svogerskab
[2] sifjungar: ‘síf[…]’ B, ‘sifiunngr’ 744ˣ, sifjungr C
afspringr ‘offspring’
(not checked:)
afspringr (noun m.; °-s): offspring
[3] afspringr: so R, Tˣ, C, afspring A, ‘af[…]ingr’ B, afspringr 744ˣ
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
ættstuðill ‘family-pillar’
(not checked:)
ættstuðill (noun m.): family-pillar
þá ‘then’
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2. þá (adv.): then
es ‘there is’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
ráðunautr ‘counsel-sharer’
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ráðunautr (noun m.)
þjónar ‘servants’
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þjónn (noun m.; °þjóns, dat. þjón/þjóni; þjónar): servant
[7] þjónar: ‘[…]nar’ B, ‘þíonar’ 744ˣ, om. C
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
þrælar ‘slaves’
(not checked:)
þræll (noun m.; °þrǽls, dat. þrǽli/þrǽl; þrǽlar): slave, servant
[7] þrælar: om. C
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
þírr ‘serf’
(not checked:)
1. þírr (noun m.): slave, serf
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
ǫnnungar ‘labourers’
(not checked:)
ǫnnungr (noun m.): °(heiti; for træl)
[8] ǫnnungar: ‘[…]nnungar’ B, ‘. .innungar’ 744ˣ, ǫnnungr þjónar C
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
verkmenn ‘workmen’
(not checked:)
verkmaðr (noun m.): workman, labourer
[9] verkmenn: ‘[…]ru verk[…]’ B, ‘þa eru verkmenn’ 744ˣ, verkmenn þrælar C
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
kefsar ‘captives’
[9] kefsar: so R, kefsir A, ‘þar nerst kef[…]’ B, ‘þar nerst kefsar’ 744ˣ, ‘kessar’ Tˣ
notes
[7-9] þjónar ok þrælar, þírr, ǫnnungar, verkmenn, kefsar ‘servants and slaves, serf, labourers, workmen, captives’: Cf. the almost identical list in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106): Heitir ok þræll kefsir, þjónn, ǫnnungr, þírr ‘A slave is also called captive, servant, labourer, serf’. The heiti verkmaðr ‘workman’ (l. 9) is the only term in this stanza which is not listed in the corresponding section of Skm.
vílmegir ‘sons of toil’
(not checked:)
vílmǫgr (noun m.): [for sons of toil]
[10] ok vílmegir: om. R, Tˣ, C
notes
[10] vílmegir ‘sons of toil’: Pl. of vílmǫgr, lit. ‘son of toil, bondsman’ (from víl ‘n. misery, wretchedness’ and mǫgr m. ‘son’). In Skm (SnE 1998, I, 106), this word is listed among pejorative terms, antonyms of various words for ‘hero’, and it is otherwise not attested in prose. See also Anon Bjark 1/3 and Note there.
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Some of the terms in this list are not otherwise attested in poetry: sifjungar ‘affines’ (l. 2), ráðunautr ‘counsel-sharer’ (l. 5), ǫnnungar ‘labourers’ (l. 8) and verkmenn ‘workmen’ (l. 9). — Ms. A has been chosen as the main ms. for this stanza, because ll. 6 and 10 are omitted in the R, Tˣ, C redaction.
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