Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrafnsmál 19’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 744.
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
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kapp (noun n.; °-s; *-): strength, vigour, courage < kappstuddr (adj./verb p.p.)
[1] kappstudda ‘vigour-supported’: Hap. leg.
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2. styðja (verb): protect, support < kappstuddr (adj./verb p.p.)
[1] ‑studda: ‑stadda 8
[1] kappstudda ‘vigour-supported’: Hap. leg.
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kærir (noun m.): [litigator]
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Norðmœrr (noun m.): [Norðmærir]
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hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host < hervaliðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[3] hervalðir ‘host-selected’: Hap. leg. LP: hervaliðr suggests the possible meanings meget udsøgt, udmærket ‘very select, outstanding’ or valgt af hæren ‘chosen by the army’.
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velja (verb): choose < hervaliðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[3] ‑valðir: faldir Flat
[3] hervalðir ‘host-selected’: Hap. leg. LP: hervaliðr suggests the possible meanings meget udsøgt, udmærket ‘very select, outstanding’ or valgt af hæren ‘chosen by the army’.
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
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gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnvers (noun n.): battle-verse
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2. vers (noun n.; °vers; -): [verse] < gunnvers (noun n.): battle-verse
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
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2. inn (art.): the
[5] in geðrakka ‘the valiant’: Lit. ‘the mind-valiant’ (so 8). In gunnrakka ‘the battle-valiant’ (so F) is contextually and metrically possible but looks like a repetition of gunn- ‘battle-’ (l. 4).
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geðrakkr (adj.): [valiant]
[5] geðrakka: so 8, gunnrakka F, geðrakki Flat
[5] in geðrakka ‘the valiant’: Lit. ‘the mind-valiant’ (so 8). In gunnrakka ‘the battle-valiant’ (so F) is contextually and metrically possible but looks like a repetition of gunn- ‘battle-’ (l. 4).
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gætir (noun m.): guardian
[6] gætis hásæta ‘of the guardian of rowing-benches [CAPTAIN]’: See also st. 1/8 above.
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hásæti (noun n.): high-seat
[6] gætis hásæta ‘of the guardian of rowing-benches [CAPTAIN]’: See also st. 1/8 above.
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hirð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(FskB 53)): retinue
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hjǫrstœrðr (adj.): [sword-swelled]
[7] hjörstærðum: ‘hiordstordu’ 8, hjörstærðu Flat
[7] hjörstærðum ‘sword-swelled’: Hap. leg.
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1. hjaldr (noun m.): battle
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járnfaldinn (adj./verb p.p.): [iron-hooded]
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
During the battle described in st. 18 above, there was such a violent storm that Hákon could not launch any boats to come to the relief of the men on the beach. Finally the Norwegians were able to regroup, and the Scots retreated to a hill. Some skirmishes occurred between the two armies before the Norwegians made an assault on the hill.
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