SnSt Ht 65III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 65’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1177.
Vápna ‘of weapons’
(not checked:)
vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon
kennings
Vægðarlaus hríð vápna‘The merciless storm of weapons ’
= BATTLE
The merciless storm of weapons → BATTLE
hríð ‘storm’
(not checked:)
hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm
kennings
Vægðarlaus hríð vápna‘The merciless storm of weapons ’
= BATTLE
The merciless storm of weapons → BATTLE
velta ‘to topple’
(not checked:)
3. velta (verb): wander (weak)
náði ‘was able’
(not checked:)
1. ná (verb): reach, get, manage
vægðarlaus ‘The merciless’
(not checked:)
vægðarlauss (adj.): merciless
kennings
Vægðarlaus hríð vápna‘The merciless storm of weapons ’
= BATTLE
The merciless storm of weapons → BATTLE
feigum ‘the doomed’
(not checked:)
feigr (adj.; °compar. -ari/ri): fated to die, fey, dead
hausi ‘skull’
(not checked:)
hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull
hilmir ‘the lord’
(not checked:)
hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
lét ‘made’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
hǫggum ‘the blows’
(not checked:)
hǫgg (noun n.; °-s, dat. hǫggvi/hǫggi; -): blow
mœta ‘meet’
(not checked:)
mœta (verb): meet
herða ‘of the shoulders’
(not checked:)
herðr (noun f.; °-ar(Thom² 447¹³); -ar): shoulder
kennings
klett herða,‘the crag of the shoulders, ’
= HEAD
the crag of the shoulders, → HEAD
klett ‘the crag’
(not checked:)
klettr (noun m.): [crags, crag]
kennings
klett herða,‘the crag of the shoulders, ’
= HEAD
the crag of the shoulders, → HEAD
bana ‘death’
(not checked:)
bani (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death, killer
Fleina ‘of spears’
(not checked:)
fleinn (noun m.; °dat. fleini): spear
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
Fleina ‘of spears’
(not checked:)
fleinn (noun m.; °dat. fleini): spear
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
lands ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
lands ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
fylkir ‘The ruler’
(not checked:)
fylkir (noun m.): leader
rendi ‘ran through’
(not checked:)
3. renna (verb): let run (weak)
fjǫrnis ‘of the helmet’
(not checked:)
fjǫrnir (noun m.): helmet
kennings
hlíð fjǫrnis,‘the slope of the helmet, ’
= HEAD
the slope of the helmet, → HEAD
hlíð ‘the slope’
(not checked:)
1. hlíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): slope
kennings
hlíð fjǫrnis,‘the slope of the helmet, ’
= HEAD
the slope of the helmet, → HEAD
megin ‘with the mighty’
(not checked:)
1. megin (noun n.; °-s, dat. magni/megni/megin(HirðB 398¹⁹); -): might, strength; very < meginskíð (noun n.): [with mighty ski]
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
skíði ‘ ski’
(not checked:)
skíð (noun n.; °; -): ski < meginskíð (noun n.): [with mighty ski]
kennings
meginskíði lands fleina;‘with the mighty ski of the land of spears; ’
= SWORD
the land of spears; → SHIELD
with the mighty ski of the SHIELD → SWORD
ǫflugt ‘the powerful’
(not checked:)
ǫflugr (adj.): mighty, strong
[7] ǫflugt sverð eyddi: so W, ‘avflvm sotti oddi’ R
sverð ‘sword’
(not checked:)
sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
[7] ǫflugt sverð eyddi: so W, ‘avflvm sotti oddi’ R
eyddi ‘destroyed’
(not checked:)
2. eyða (verb; °-dd-): destroy
[7] ǫflugt sverð eyddi: so W, ‘avflvm sotti oddi’ R
fyrðum ‘people’
(not checked:)
2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man
jǫfri ‘to the prince’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
kent ‘belonging’
(not checked:)
kenna (verb): know, teach
holdi ‘with flesh’
(not checked:)
hold (noun n.; °-s; -): flesh
fenta ‘snow-covered’
(not checked:)
fenna (verb): [snow-covered]
notes
[8] fenta ‘snow-covered’: Lit. ‘buried in snow-drifts’. This is the p. p. of the weak verb fenna, and the adj. thus sustains the wintry imagery of the sentence.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Vápna hríð velta náði |
The merciless storm of weapons [BATTLE] was able to topple the doomed skull; the lord made the crag of the shoulders [HEAD], deserving death, meet the blows. The ruler ran through the slope of the helmet [HEAD], snow-covered with flesh, with the mighty ski of the land of spears [SHIELD > SWORD]; the powerful sword, belonging to the prince, destroyed people.
This dróttkvætt variant is called draughent ‘ghost-rhymed’ or ‘trunk-rhymed’. Each line is heptasyllabic and the internal rhyme falls in positions 3 and 6 (l. 4: positions 1 and 6). According to the commentary, the deletion of the syllable in position 2 would restore the dróttkvætt metre, although, in that case, some of it will not be ‘smooth’ (mjúkt). This presumably refers to the fact that deletion of the second syllable would create lines with heavy dips carrying internal rhyme (except in ll. 4 and 6) resembling skjálfhent ‘tremble-rhymed’ (st. 35) and tvískelft ‘twice-trembled’ (st. 28).
Other than in RvHbreiðm Hl 7-8, this metrical variant is unattested in Old Norse poetry. — [7]: The R variant of this line, ‘avflvm sotti oddi’, cannot be construed in any meaningful way.
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