ESk Lv 12III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Lausavísur 12’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 175.
Hrynja ‘fall’
(not checked:)
hrynja (verb): fall, flow
lét ‘let’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
in ‘The’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
hvíta ‘white’
(not checked:)
hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
haus ‘the skull’s’
(not checked:)
hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull < hausmjǫll (noun f.): [skull powder-snow]
kennings
hausmjǫll‘the skull’s powder-snow ’
= HAIR
the skull’s powder-snow → HAIR
mjǫll ‘powder-snow’
(not checked:)
mjǫll (noun f.; °dat. -/-u): fresh snow < hausmjǫll (noun f.): [skull powder-snow]
kennings
hausmjǫll‘the skull’s powder-snow ’
= HAIR
the skull’s powder-snow → HAIR
ofan ‘down’
(not checked:)
ofan (adv.): down
lausa ‘loose’
(not checked:)
lauss (adj.; °compar. lausari): loose, free, without
strind ‘land’
(not checked:)
strind (noun f.): land
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
aurriða ‘of the trout’
(not checked:)
aurriði (noun m.): [trout]
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
aurriða ‘of the trout’
(not checked:)
aurriði (noun m.): [trout]
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
aurriða ‘of the trout’
(not checked:)
aurriði (noun m.): [trout]
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
strandar ‘of the beach’
(not checked:)
strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
strandar ‘of the beach’
(not checked:)
strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
strandar ‘of the beach’
(not checked:)
strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
stalls ‘of the resting-place’
(not checked:)
stallr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): seat, stall, support
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
stalls ‘of the resting-place’
(not checked:)
stallr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): seat, stall, support
kennings
In hvíta strind stalls aurriða strandar‘The white land of the resting-place of the trout of the beach ’
= WOMAN
the trout of the beach → SERPENT
the resting-place of the SERPENT → GOLD
The white land of the GOLD → WOMAN
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
notes
[4] af fjalli svarðar ‘from the mountain of the scalp [HEAD]’: Ms. W ends with the word af ‘from’ and fjalli svarðar ‘the mountain of the scalp’ is conjectural. Fjalli (n. dat. sg.) ‘mountain’ is partly secured by the internal rhyme (-all : ‑all-), but aside from the fact that it must be a determinant in a kenning for ‘head’, the preceding word cannot be established with any certainty. Following Sveinbjörn Egilsson, SnE 1848-87, II, 500 suggests the reading skarar fjalli ‘hair’s mountain’ (see ESk Frag 2/4), which is unmetrical (the metre requires a long first syllable in position 3 and skar- is short). Skj B supplies reikar fjalli ‘the parting of the hair’s mountain’ (so also Skald). Both svǫrðr ‘scalp’ and reik ‘parting of the hair’ occur elsewhere in kennings for ‘head’ (see LP: reik; svǫrðr) but, whereas reik is used more commonly as pars pro toto for ‘head’ (see LP: reik 2), svǫrðr is often a determinant in head-kennings, e.g. land svarðar ‘land of the scalp’, stofn svarðar ‘stump of the scalp’, strǫnd svarðar ‘beach of the scalp’; see LP: svǫrðr 1. Svǫrðr also occurs in the two stanzas directly preceding this stanza in W and LaufE (SnSt Lv 7/3, 4 (twice) and Árni Lv 1/8IV).
svarðar ‘of the scalp’
(not checked:)
svǫrðr (noun m.; °svarðar, dat. sverði; sverðir, acc. svǫrðu): scalp
[4] svarðar fjalli: ‘[…]’ W
kennings
fjalli svarðar.‘the mountain of the scalp. ’
= HEAD
the mountain of the scalp. → HEAD
notes
[4] af fjalli svarðar ‘from the mountain of the scalp [HEAD]’: Ms. W ends with the word af ‘from’ and fjalli svarðar ‘the mountain of the scalp’ is conjectural. Fjalli (n. dat. sg.) ‘mountain’ is partly secured by the internal rhyme (-all : ‑all-), but aside from the fact that it must be a determinant in a kenning for ‘head’, the preceding word cannot be established with any certainty. Following Sveinbjörn Egilsson, SnE 1848-87, II, 500 suggests the reading skarar fjalli ‘hair’s mountain’ (see ESk Frag 2/4), which is unmetrical (the metre requires a long first syllable in position 3 and skar- is short). Skj B supplies reikar fjalli ‘the parting of the hair’s mountain’ (so also Skald). Both svǫrðr ‘scalp’ and reik ‘parting of the hair’ occur elsewhere in kennings for ‘head’ (see LP: reik; svǫrðr) but, whereas reik is used more commonly as pars pro toto for ‘head’ (see LP: reik 2), svǫrðr is often a determinant in head-kennings, e.g. land svarðar ‘land of the scalp’, stofn svarðar ‘stump of the scalp’, strǫnd svarðar ‘beach of the scalp’; see LP: svǫrðr 1. Svǫrðr also occurs in the two stanzas directly preceding this stanza in W and LaufE (SnSt Lv 7/3, 4 (twice) and Árni Lv 1/8IV).
kennings
fjalli svarðar.‘the mountain of the scalp. ’
= HEAD
the mountain of the scalp. → HEAD
notes
[4] af fjalli svarðar ‘from the mountain of the scalp [HEAD]’: Ms. W ends with the word af ‘from’ and fjalli svarðar ‘the mountain of the scalp’ is conjectural. Fjalli (n. dat. sg.) ‘mountain’ is partly secured by the internal rhyme (-all : ‑all-), but aside from the fact that it must be a determinant in a kenning for ‘head’, the preceding word cannot be established with any certainty. Following Sveinbjörn Egilsson, SnE 1848-87, II, 500 suggests the reading skarar fjalli ‘hair’s mountain’ (see ESk Frag 2/4), which is unmetrical (the metre requires a long first syllable in position 3 and skar- is short). Skj B supplies reikar fjalli ‘the parting of the hair’s mountain’ (so also Skald). Both svǫrðr ‘scalp’ and reik ‘parting of the hair’ occur elsewhere in kennings for ‘head’ (see LP: reik; svǫrðr) but, whereas reik is used more commonly as pars pro toto for ‘head’ (see LP: reik 2), svǫrðr is often a determinant in head-kennings, e.g. land svarðar ‘land of the scalp’, stofn svarðar ‘stump of the scalp’, strǫnd svarðar ‘beach of the scalp’; see LP: svǫrðr 1. Svǫrðr also occurs in the two stanzas directly preceding this stanza in W and LaufE (SnSt Lv 7/3, 4 (twice) and Árni Lv 1/8IV).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Hausmjǫll ‘the skull’s powder-snow’ is given as an example of a kenning for ‘hair’.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.