ǪrvOdd Lv 23VIII (Ǫrv 56)
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Ǫrvar-Odds saga 56 (Ǫrvar-Oddr, Lausavísur 23)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 870.
Hefi ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
Saxa ‘the Saxons’
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1. Saxi (noun m.; °; -ar): Saxon
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
á ‘the’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
Svía ‘Swedes’
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Svíar (noun m.): Swedes
herjat ‘harried’
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2. herja (verb): harry, ravage
Frísi ‘the Frisians’
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Fríss (noun m.; °; -ir): Frisian
[3] Frísi ok Frakka: fúss á Frakka 344a, Íra ok á Engla 343a, Íra ok Engla 471, 173ˣ
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[3] Frísi ok Frakka: fúss á Frakka 344a, Íra ok á Engla 343a, Íra ok Engla 471, 173ˣ
Frakka ‘the Franks’
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frakki (noun m.): Frank, Norman
[3] Frísi ok Frakka: fúss á Frakka 344a, Íra ok á Engla 343a, Íra ok Engla 471, 173ˣ
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[4] ok á Flæmingja: ok Flæmingja 344a, ok endr Skota 343a, 471, ok hendr Skota 173ˣ
á ‘upon’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
[4] ok á Flæmingja: ok Flæmingja 344a, ok endr Skota 343a, 471, ok hendr Skota 173ˣ
Flæmingja ‘the Flemings’
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flæmingi (noun m.): [Flemings]
[4] ok á Flæmingja: ok Flæmingja 344a, ok endr Skota 343a, 471, ok hendr Skota 173ˣ
Íra ‘the Irish’
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írar (noun m.): Irishmen
[5] Íra ok Engla: Íra Engla 344a, Frísa ok Frakka 343a, 471, 173ˣ
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[5] Íra ok Engla: Íra Engla 344a, Frísa ok Frakka 343a, 471, 173ˣ
Engla ‘the English’
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Englar (noun m.): English people
[5] Íra ok Engla: Íra Engla 344a, Frísa ok Frakka 343a, 471, 173ˣ
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[6] ok endr Skota: ‘eirnen’ Skota with ‘eirnen’ written above the line in a later hand 344a, ok á Flæmingja 343a, ok Flæmingja 471, 173ˣ
endr ‘formerly’
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endr (adv.): formerly, once, again
[6] ok endr Skota: ‘eirnen’ Skota with ‘eirnen’ written above the line in a later hand 344a, ok á Flæmingja 343a, ok Flæmingja 471, 173ˣ
Skota ‘the Scots’
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Skotr (noun m.): Scot
[6] ok endr Skota: ‘eirnen’ Skota with ‘eirnen’ written above the line in a later hand 344a, ok á Flæmingja 343a, ok Flæmingja 471, 173ˣ
þeim ‘to them’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
hefi ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
notes
[8] óþarfr ‘harmful’: The meaning of óþarfr is lit. ‘useless’, but the adj. often has the connotation of ‘unhelpful’ and even ‘harmful’ (cf. Þskúm Lv 1/10I), which is how it appears to have been used here.
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
notes
[8] óþarfr ‘harmful’: The meaning of óþarfr is lit. ‘useless’, but the adj. often has the connotation of ‘unhelpful’ and even ‘harmful’ (cf. Þskúm Lv 1/10I), which is how it appears to have been used here.
öllum ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
óþarfr ‘harmful’
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óþarfr (adj.): harmful
notes
[8] óþarfr ‘harmful’: The meaning of óþarfr is lit. ‘useless’, but the adj. often has the connotation of ‘unhelpful’ and even ‘harmful’ (cf. Þskúm Lv 1/10I), which is how it appears to have been used here.
verit ‘been’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[8] óþarfr ‘harmful’: The meaning of óþarfr is lit. ‘useless’, but the adj. often has the connotation of ‘unhelpful’ and even ‘harmful’ (cf. Þskúm Lv 1/10I), which is how it appears to have been used here.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
As for Ǫrv 53.
Most of the peoples listed in this stanza are mentioned in various episodes of the prose Ǫrv, though not always centrally nor in all mss: the Irish, English and Scots (ll. 5-6) appear in several of the saga’s early chapters; however, no mention is made in the prose text of the Saxar ‘Saxons’; the Svíar ‘Swedes’ and their territory Svíþjóð are mentioned quite frequently, particularly in the episode of the battle on Sámsey and its aftermath; the Frísir ‘Frisians’ are never mentioned in Ǫrv, nor are the Frakkar ‘Franks’, although Frakkland ‘France’ is named once in 344a (Ǫrv 1888, 112) and again in the younger mss (Ǫrv 1888, 130) as a country Oddr visited. Flæmingjaland ‘Flanders’ is only mentioned in 344a (Ǫrv 1888, 100) and in 471 in conjunction with a mention of Frakkland (Ǫrv 1888, 113 n.). Lines 3-4, and perhaps the stanza as a whole, reflect a version of the saga not represented in the prose text of 7 and only marginally in 344a, and depend on an amplification of the number of peoples Oddr visited, which is realised in the prose of the younger mss (Ǫrv 1888, 130); cf. the following passage in an episode only in the younger mss: Lágu þeir mǫrg sumur í hernaði ok herjuðu um Svíþjóð, Saxland, Frakkland ok Flæmingjaland … ‘They spent many summers raiding and harried all over Sweden, Saxony, France and Flanders …’. The younger mss (343a, 471 and 173ˣ) reverse the order of ll. 3-4 and 5-6.
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