Þul Valkyrja 2^III

Ráðgnið ‘Ráðgnið’

notes

[1] Ráðgnið: A hap. leg. The reading Ráðgnið in ms. A may be the result of confusion with the preceding heiti, Randgnið (see st. 1/8). Most earlier scholars adopt the form Ráðgríðr, lit. ‘counsel-Gríðr’, the variant given in ms. U(10v) of SnE (Gylf) (so Skj B; Skald I; LP: Ráðgríðr), or else Ráðgríð, lit. ‘counsel-eagerness’, the form given in Grí 36/7 (NK 64) and ms. Tˣ(9v) of Gylf (SnE). See Note to Þul Orrostu 1/6. On personal names with Ráð- as the first element, see Janzén (1947a, 132); cf. also Randgríðr (l. 5 below).

Gǫndul ‘Gǫndul’

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2. Gǫndul (noun f.): Gǫndul

notes

[1] Gǫndul: For a possible interpretation of this name, see Note to Gǫndlir, Þul Óðins 3/3. It is also listed in Þul Ásynja 4/3 and used in poetry both as a valkyrie-name and as a term for ‘battle’. The valkyrie Gǫndul appears in Eyv Hák^I (see Notes to st. 1/8 above and l. 2 below). Gǫndul also appears in Sǫrla þáttr (Flat 1860-8, I, 275-83), either as the goddess Freyja in disguise or as Freyja’s messenger. Her sorcery provokes the eternal Hjaðningavíg (the battle of Heðinn and his men).

Svipul ‘Svipul’

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Svipul (noun f.): Svipul

notes

[2] Svipul: Lit. ‘swift one’ (cf. the weak verb svipa ‘move swiftly’; see AEW: svipa 2). This is one of the valkyries mentioned in Anon Darr 3/3^V (Nj 55), and the name is also recorded as a battle-heiti (see Note to Þul Orrostu 1/7).

Geirskǫgul ‘Geirskǫgul’

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geirskǫgul (noun f.): geirskǫgul

notes

[2] Geirskǫgul: Lit. ‘spear-Skǫgul’. The name is also mentioned in Vsp 30/8 and in Eyv Hák 12/2^I. Judging from the latter poem, the names Geirskǫgul and Skǫgul (see st. 1/8 above) refer to the same valkyrie. While Skǫgul occurs frequently in kennings, Geirskǫgul is not found elsewhere.

Hildr ‘Hildr’

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2. Hildr (noun f.): Hildr

notes

[3] Hildr: This valkyrie is another personification of battle (see Note to st. 1/6). Hildr is one of the most widely used poetic terms for ‘battle’, but it is not included among heiti for ‘battle’ in Þul Orrostu. See also Note to Þul Ásynja 4/3 as well as SnSt Ht 49.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Skeggǫld ‘Skeggǫld’

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skeggǫld (noun f.): skeggǫld

notes

[3] Skeggǫld: Lit. ‘axe-age’. The name is clearly a term for ‘battle’, from skeggja f. ‘bearded battle-axe’ and ǫld f. ‘time, age’ (for this type of weapon, see Falk 1914b, 108-10). In Vsp 45/7 (NK 10), sceggǫld is mentioned along with several other names for the period of violence right before Ragnarǫk, when the world and the heathen gods will perish (cf. Skalmǫld, l. 8 below). As the name of a valkyrie it is given as Sceggiǫld in Grí 36/3 (NK 64) and also in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), but it does not occur elsewhere.

Hrund ‘Hrund’

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Hrund (noun f.): Runde, Hrund, valkyrie

notes

[4] Hrund: This name is most likely derived from the strong verb hrinda ‘push, thrust, drive’ (AEW: Hrund). It is also listed in Þul Ásynja 4/5 and used in kennings.

Geirdriful ‘Geirdriful’

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Geirdriful (noun f.): Geirdriful

notes

[4] Geirdriful: A hap. leg. This name translates as ‘one throwing or strewing spears’. The second element is derived from the strong verb drífa ‘drive, drift’ (so AEW: ‑driful), but cf. the battle-heiti geirþriful (see Note to Þul Orrostu 1/4).

Randgríðr ‘Randgríðr’

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Randgríðr (noun f.): Randgríðr

[5] Randgríðr: ‘tanngniðr’ A

notes

[5] Randgríðr: The reading in ms. A ‘tanngniðr’ (lit. ‘teeth-din’(?)) is probably not correct, and an intial r- is needed for alliteration. The form may be a corruption of Ranngríð(r) ‘house-Gríðr’ or Randgríð(r) ‘shield-Gríðr’, and the latter has been adopted in Skj B and Skald and in the present edn. Cf. the battle-heiti Randgríðr in Þul Orrostu 1/6 (see SnE 1998, II, 373). This valkyrie-name is known from Grí 36/7 and Gylf (SnE 2005, 30). See also Randgnið (st. 1/8), Ráðgnið (l. 1 above) and the valkyrie-name Sanngríðr ‘true-Gríðr’ in Anon Darr 3/3^V (Nj 55).

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Þrúðr ‘Þrúðr’

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Þrúðr (noun f.): Þrúðr

notes

[5] Þrúðr: This name means ‘strength’. Otherwise it is known as the name of Þórr’s daughter (see Þul Ásynja 2/7 and Skm, SnE 1998, I, 14). As the name of one of the valkyries, Þrúðr is also found in Grí 36/4 (Þrúði) and in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30).

Reginleif ‘Reginleif’

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Reginleif (noun f.): Reginleif

notes

[6] Reginleif: Lit. ‘daughter of a mighty one, mighty daughter’. Both elements of this cpd appear in personal names. The first element is regin n. pl. ‘divine powers, gods’, and the second, ‑leif f. originally meant ‘remains, inheritance’, by transfer of meaning ‘daughter’ (see AEW: Leifr). Reginleif is also mentioned in Grí 36/8. It does not occur in poetry, but in Ldn (ÍF 1, 229), Reginleif is the name of the daughter of one of the first settlers of Iceland, Sæmundr inn suðreyski ‘from the Hebrides’.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Sveið ‘Sveið’

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sveið (noun f.; °; dat. -um): sveið

notes

[6] Sveið: A hap. leg. Cf. the name of the sea-king Sveiði (see Note to Þul Sækonunga 1/8). It is possibly the same word as sveið f. ‘violent motion’ (cf. such battle-heiti as snerra f. ‘fight’, jara f. ‘attack’, and íð f. ‘deed’ Þul Orrostu 1/7, 1/8, 2/1, all expressing the notion of swift movement) or connected with the weak verb sveiða ‘burn, smart (of a wound)’; if so, the name may perhaps be interpreted as ‘one wounding, causing pain’.

Þǫgn ‘Þǫgn’

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Þǫgn (noun f.): Þǫgn

notes

[7] Þǫgn: Most likely ‘one who welcomes (the slain)’ from the strong verb þiggja ‘receive, accept’. Cf. the valkyrie-heiti Valþǫgn (Gsind Hákdr 6/1^I) as well as the Óðinn-heiti Valþǫgnir (VGl Lv 8/5^V (Glúm 8)). — [7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there).

Þǫgn ‘Þǫgn’

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Þǫgn (noun f.): Þǫgn

notes

[7] Þǫgn: Most likely ‘one who welcomes (the slain)’ from the strong verb þiggja ‘receive, accept’. Cf. the valkyrie-heiti Valþǫgn (Gsind Hákdr 6/1^I) as well as the Óðinn-heiti Valþǫgnir (VGl Lv 8/5^V (Glúm 8)). — [7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there).

Hjalmþrimul ‘Hjálmþrimul’

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Hjalmþrimul (noun f.): [Hjálmþrimul]

notes

[7] Hjalmþrimul: Lit. ‘helmet-din’. This name is not attested elsewhere, but see the battle-kenning hjalmþrima f. ‘helmet-din’ (e.g. Arn Hardr 11/3^II), whose second element is the same as the next valkyrie-name. — [7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there).

Hjalmþrimul ‘Hjálmþrimul’

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Hjalmþrimul (noun f.): [Hjálmþrimul]

notes

[7] Hjalmþrimul: Lit. ‘helmet-din’. This name is not attested elsewhere, but see the battle-kenning hjalmþrima f. ‘helmet-din’ (e.g. Arn Hardr 11/3^II), whose second element is the same as the next valkyrie-name. — [7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there).

Þrima ‘Þrima’

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þrima (noun f.): battle, din

notes

[7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there). — [8] Þrima: The name means ‘din, sound’ and it is a heiti for ‘battle’.

Þrima ‘Þrima’

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þrima (noun f.): battle, din

notes

[7, 8] Þǫgn, Hjalmþrimul, Þrima: Cf. the almost identical sequence of battle-names (Herþǫgn, þrima ‘sound’) in Þul Orrostu 2/8 (see Note there). — [8] Þrima: The name means ‘din, sound’ and it is a heiti for ‘battle’.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Skalmǫld ‘Skálmǫld’

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skalmǫld (noun f.): sword-age; Skálmǫld

notes

[8] Skalmǫld: Lit. ‘sword-age’. See Vsp 45/7 (NK 10) sceggǫld, scálmǫld ‘axe-age, sword-age’ and Note to the heiti Skeggǫld in l. 3 above. In skaldic poetry the heiti occurs several times as a term for ‘battle’.