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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Hjálms heiti — Þul HjálmsIII

Anonymous Þulur

Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Hjálms heiti’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 828. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3202> (accessed 5 May 2024)

 

This þula (Þul Hjálms) contains heiti for ‘helmet’. It is recorded in mss R (main ms.), Tˣ, C, A and B (and 744ˣ) of Skm (SnE). In mss A and B, the þula has the heading Hjálms heiti ‘Names for helmet’, in A written in red ink. In the þulur-sequence, Þul Hjálms is preceded by Þul Skjaldar and followed by Þul Brynju in all mss. Many poetic terms for ‘helmet’ listed in this þula are not attested elsewhere. Eleven of the heiti enumerated in this þula are also found in LaufE (LaufE 1979, 275, 350; mss papp10ˣ(42v-43r), 2368ˣ(94), 743ˣ(74r)), although gullfáinn ‘gold-coloured’ (l. 3) is given as gullskafinn ‘gold-shaven’ (so also RE 1665(Ff2)). All of the terms are given in RE 1665(Ff2), but in rather garbled forms (see also Resen 1977, 42). Neither compilation has been considered in the present edition. The heiti listed here emphasise similar attributes to the many terms descriptive of helmets used in the Old English poem Beowulf, principally those referring to the helmets’ protective and mask-like qualities. Also remarkable is the comparison between helmets and boars, found both here and in Beowulf, which mirrors the significant numbers of archaeological finds of late Iron Age and Viking Age helmets in Scandinavia and England which bear protective boar crests or decorations representing boars (Torslunda, Öland, Sutton Hoo, Benty Grange, Wollaston and numerous others; see also Beowulf 2008, 135-7).

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. LaufE 1979 = Faulkes, Anthony, ed. 1979. Edda Magnúsar Ólafssonar (Laufás Edda). RSÁM 13. Vol. I of Two Versions of Snorra Edda from the 17th Century. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússonar, 1977-9.
  3. Beowulf 2008 = Fulk, Robert D., Robert E. Bjork and John D. Niles, eds. 2008. Klaeber’s Beowulf and the Fight at Finnsburg. 4th rev. edn of Beowulf and the Fight at Finnsburg, ed. Fr. Klaeber. Toronto, Buffalo and London: University of Toronto Press.
  4. Resen 1977 = Faulkes, Anthony. 1977a. Edda Íslandorum. Völuspá. Hávamál. Vol. II of Two Versions of Snorra Edda from the 17th Century. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússonar. 1977-9.
  5. Internal references
  6. Edith Marold 2017, ‘Snorra Edda (Prologue, Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál)’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols [check printed volume for citation].
  7. (forthcoming), ‘ Snorri Sturluson, Skáldskaparmál’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=112> (accessed 5 May 2024)
  8. Not published: do not cite (RunVI)
  9. Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Skjaldar heiti’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 823. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3201> (accessed 5 May 2024)
  10. Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Brynju heiti’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 831. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3203> (accessed 5 May 2024)
  11. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Laufás Edda’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=10928> (accessed 5 May 2024)
  12. Not published: do not cite ()
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