Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 153.
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snákr (noun m.): snake
[1] fald snáks ‘the headdress of the serpent [HELMET]’: This refers to the helmet of terror (œgishjálmr) worn by the dragon Fáfnir (see Fáfn 16-19 and end prose, NK 188; see also Marold 1998a, 13-17 as well as Notes to Sturl Hákkv 14/2II and Eskál Vell 25/5, 6I). Here ‘wear a helmet of terror’ must mean ‘rule firmly’.
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
[1] fald snáks ‘the headdress of the serpent [HELMET]’: This refers to the helmet of terror (œgishjálmr) worn by the dragon Fáfnir (see Fáfn 16-19 and end prose, NK 188; see also Marold 1998a, 13-17 as well as Notes to Sturl Hákkv 14/2II and Eskál Vell 25/5, 6I). Here ‘wear a helmet of terror’ must mean ‘rule firmly’.
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
[1] frœknu (n. dat. sg.) ‘heroic’: So U. The adj. qualifies fjalli (n. dat. sg.) ‘mountain’ (l. 4), and the reading of the other mss, frœknum (m. dat. sg. or dat. pl.), is ungrammatical.
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folk (noun n.): people < folkvǫrðr (noun m.): people’s guardian
[2] folk‑: so all others, fold‑ R
[2] folkvǫrðr ‘the guardian of the people [RULER]’: So Tˣ, W and U. Foldvǫrðr ‘guardian of the land’ (R) is also possible but less likely in view of the majority of the ms. witnesses.
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender < folkvǫrðr (noun m.): people’s guardian
[2] folkvǫrðr ‘the guardian of the people [RULER]’: So Tˣ, W and U. Foldvǫrðr ‘guardian of the land’ (R) is also possible but less likely in view of the majority of the ms. witnesses.
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
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frami (noun m.): success
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telja (verb): tell, count
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gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man
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geð (noun n.): mind < geðsnjallr (adj.)
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold < geðsnjallr (adj.)
[4] ‑snjallr: ‑snjallar Tˣ
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skǫr (noun f.; °skarar; skarir): hair, planking
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1. fjall (noun n.): mountain
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Folkvǫrðr ‘guardian of the people’ (R: foldvǫrðr ‘guardian of the earth’) is given in Skm as one of several kennings for ‘king’.
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