Þul Skipa 7III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Skipa heiti 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 871.
notes
[1] húnn, húnbora (m., f.) ‘masthead, masthead-hole’: According to Jesch (2001a, 160), húnn was ‘the often quadrilateral strengthening of the area at the top of the mast through which the halyards passed and on which the shrouds could rest’. Húnbora ‘masthead-hole’ was the hole in the húnn through which the halyards passed (Falk 1912, 59).
húnbora ‘masthead-hole’
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húnbora (noun f.)
notes
[1] húnn, húnbora (m., f.) ‘masthead, masthead-hole’: According to Jesch (2001a, 160), húnn was ‘the often quadrilateral strengthening of the area at the top of the mast through which the halyards passed and on which the shrouds could rest’. Húnbora ‘masthead-hole’ was the hole in the húnn through which the halyards passed (Falk 1912, 59).
hjalmun ‘tiller’
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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet < hjǫlmunvǫlr (noun m.)
[2] hjalmun‑: hjalm‑ B
notes
[2] hjalmunvǫlr (m.) ‘tiller’: Or hjǫlmun- (so Skj B and Skald; cf. also the B variant ‘hjalm-’). This is the term for the bar inserted through the rudder to control its direction (Falk 1912, 75-6; SnE 1998, II, 311). The cpd is formed from hjálm f. ‘helm, rudder’ (= OE helma) and vǫlr m. ‘wand’. The word is not otherwise found in poetic sources.
vǫlr ‘’
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1. -vǫlr (noun m.) < hjǫlmunvǫlr (noun m.)
notes
[2] hjalmunvǫlr (m.) ‘tiller’: Or hjǫlmun- (so Skj B and Skald; cf. also the B variant ‘hjalm-’). This is the term for the bar inserted through the rudder to control its direction (Falk 1912, 75-6; SnE 1998, II, 311). The cpd is formed from hjálm f. ‘helm, rudder’ (= OE helma) and vǫlr m. ‘wand’. The word is not otherwise found in poetic sources.
húfr ‘hull’
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húfr (noun m.; °dat. -i): hull
notes
[3] húfr, hlýr (m., m.) ‘hull, bow’: Húfr referred to the concave shape of the hull and came to be used as a pars pro toto for ‘hull’ (Falk 1912, 51, 53; Jesch 2001a, 143-4). Hlýr (lit. ‘cheek(s)’) could also be used as a pars pro toto for ‘bow’ (Falk 1912, 52; Jesch 2001a, 147). Both words are also used as pars pro toto for ‘ship’, and they are quite common in poetry (LP: húfr; 1. hlýr 4).
notes
[3] húfr, hlýr (m., m.) ‘hull, bow’: Húfr referred to the concave shape of the hull and came to be used as a pars pro toto for ‘hull’ (Falk 1912, 51, 53; Jesch 2001a, 143-4). Hlýr (lit. ‘cheek(s)’) could also be used as a pars pro toto for ‘bow’ (Falk 1912, 52; Jesch 2001a, 147). Both words are also used as pars pro toto for ‘ship’, and they are quite common in poetry (LP: húfr; 1. hlýr 4).
notes
[3] hremni (n.) ‘fifth plank’: ModIcel. hrefna is the term for the fifth strake from the keel, and Falk (1912, 53) suggests a connection between this nautical term and ON hrefni (so mss Tˣ, C, A, B; for the R variant hremni, see ANG §237.2). See also Jesch (2001a, 141).
halsstemni ‘hawse-stem’
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halsstefni (noun n.)
[4] halsstemni: ‘h[…]lsstefni’ C, halsstefni A, halstefni B
notes
[4] halsstemni (n.) ‘hawse-stem’: Perhaps the name for the inner part of the stem of a ship or the grooved stem (i.e. where the planks were grooved into each other or into the stem, see Falk 1912, 35; SnE 1998, II, 301), from hals m. ‘fore-part of ship, bow’ (see l. 5) and stemni n. (or stefni) ‘stem’ (see Note to hremni ‘fifth plank’ (l. 3)). The term does not otherwise occur in poetry.
hefill ‘clew-line’
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hefill (noun m.; °; dat. heflum): clew-line
notes
[5] hefill (m.) ‘clew-line’: Derived from the strong verb hefja ‘lift’. A line running down from the sail-yard to the lower end of the sail, with which the sail could be furled or unfurled (Falk 1912, 67-8). The word is otherwise not attested in skaldic poetry, but it does appear in the rímur (Finnur Jónsson 1926-8: hefill).
hals ‘hawse’
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hals (noun m.; °hals, dat. -i; -ar): neck
notes
[5] hals (m.) ‘hawse’: Lit. ‘neck’. This word can denote various parts of a ship: (a) the ends of the curved strakes running up to the prow and stern (Falk 1912, 51-2); (b) the front partition of a ship (Falk 1912, 84-5); (c) the ropes hanging down from the lower corners of the sail or the lower corners of the sail itself (Falk 1912, 64). It is not clear which meaning is intended here, but the context would suggest (c).
notes
[5] hanki (m.) ‘hank’: A loop, cleat or ring on the railing where the ropes from the sail were fastened (Falk 1912, 69; Jesch 2001a, 166).
hǫfuðbendur ‘backstays’
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hǫfuðbenda (noun f.)
[6] hǫfuðbendur: ‘ho᷎fut b[…]nndur’ B, ‘ho᷎fut benndur’ 744ˣ
notes
[6] hǫfuðbendur (f. pl.) ‘backstays’: Ropes supporting the mast, running from the top of the mast down to the railing on each side of the mast (Falk 1912, 59-60).
háir ‘oarports’
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1. hár (noun m.; °; -ir): oarport
notes
[7] háir (m. pl.) ‘oarports’: Hár (sg.) designated the device that fixed the oar in its position as well as the oarsman’s place at the oar (Jesch 2001a, 155-6). See also Falk (1912, 70-1).
hæll ‘keel’s heel’
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1. hæll (noun m.; °hǽls, dat. hǽli; hǽlar): heel
notes
[7] hæll (m.) ‘keel’s heel’: This is the same as kjalarhæll (st. 10/5 below), the term for the rear end of a keel (Falk 1912, 34; cf. also stýrishæll ‘rudder’s heel’, the hindmost point of the rudder). See Halli XI Fl 1/3II.
hamarr ‘hammer’
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1. hamarr (noun m.; °-s, dat. hamri; hamrar): hammer, cliff
hjalp ‘help’
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hjǫlp (noun f.; °hjalpar; hjalpir/hjalpar): help, salvation < hjalpreip (noun n.)
notes
[8] hjalpreip (n.) ‘help-rope’: A rope whose ends were fastened to the top and bottom of the rudder to keep it in place and also to lift it (Falk 1912, 77).
notes
[8] hjalpreip (n.) ‘help-rope’: A rope whose ends were fastened to the top and bottom of the rudder to keep it in place and also to lift it (Falk 1912, 77).
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
lík ‘leech’
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2. lík (noun n.; °; -): [like]
notes
[8] lík (n.) ‘leech’: A rope stitched onto the sail for reinforcement (Falk 1912, 64).
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