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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Lil 76VII/3 — hið ‘that’

Tvá hræðumz eg: dóm og dauða;
deyr sá margr, er eingi bjargar;
mitt eitt veit eg líf hið ljóta
leiða mig í drottins reiði.
Af margfaldri synda saurgan
svíðir brjóst og hefndum kvíðir
fyrir afbrigðin flestra dygða;
fátt er það, er siðuna vátti.

Tvá hræðumz eg: dóm og dauða; margr sá deyr, er eingi bjargar; eg veit hið ljóta líf mitt eitt leiða mig í reiði drottins. Brjóst svíðir af margfaldri saurgan synda og kvíðir hefndum fyrir afbrigðin flestra dygða; fátt er það, er vátti siðuna.

Two things I fear: judgement and death; many a man dies, whom no one saves; I know that my utterly [lit. only] wicked life will bring me to the Lord’s wrath. My breast burns from the manifold defilement of sins and fears revenge for deviation from most virtues; there is little that may give evidence of good morals.

grammar

Pronouns and determiners: Definite article

The definite article is normally suffixed to nouns, except in some cases where it is used with an adjective. If the noun form ends in a vowel, the 'i' in the article is dropped. If the noun form ends in 'um', the 'm' and 'i' are both dropped. E.g. hesta (acc. pl.) > hestana (acc. pl. definite); hestum (dat. pl.) > hestunum (dat. pl. definite)

masc.fem.neut.
sing. N
A
G
D
inn
inn
ins
inum
in
ina
innar
inni
it
it
ins
inu
pl. N
A
G
D
inir
ina
inna
inum
inar
inar
inna
inum
in
in
inna
inum
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