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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Eskál Vell 30I/5 — mun

Háði jarl, þars áðan
engi mannr und ranni,
hyrjar þing, at herja,
hjǫrlautar, kom Sǫrla.
Bara maðr lyngs enn lengra
loptvarðaðar barða
— allt vann gramr of gengit
Gautland — frá sæ randir.

Jarl háði þing hyrjar hjǫrlautar, þars engi mannr und ranni Sǫrla kom áðan at herja. Maðr bara randir lyngs barða loptvarðaðar enn lengra frá sæ; gramr vann allt Gautland of gengit.

The jarl held an assembly of the fire of the sword-dale [SHIELD > SWORD > BATTLE], where no man carrying a house of Sǫrli <legendary hero> [SHIELD] had come to harry before. No one carried shields, adorned with the loft of the whale of the heath [SNAKE > GOLD] any further from the sea; the ruler managed to march through all of Götaland.

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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