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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Þhorn Harkv 9I/6 — átti

‘Freistuðu ins framráða,         es þeim flýja kenndi,
allvalds austmanna,         es býr at Útsteini.
Stóðum Nǫkkva brá stillir,         es honum vas styrjar væni;
hlǫmmun vas á hlífum,         áðr Haklangr felli.

‘Freistuðu ins framráða allvalds austmanna, es kenndi þeim flýja, es býr at Útsteini. Stillir brá stóðum Nǫkkva, es honum vas væni styrjar; hlǫmmun vas á hlífum, áðr Haklangr felli.

‘They tested the forward-striving mighty ruler of the Norwegians [NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr], who taught them to flee, who resides at Utstein. The ruler set in motion the stud-horses of Nǫkkvi <sea-king> [SHIPS] when he expected combat; there was thundering on shields before Haklangr fell.

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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