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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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SnSt Ht 61III/7 — spyrk ‘I hear that’

Hræljóma fellr hrími; tími
hár vex of gram sára ára;
frost nemr of hlyn Hristar Mistar
herkaldan þrǫm skjaldar aldar.
Gullsendir brýtr grundar Hrundar
gunnveggs stǫfum leggi hreggi;
sóknvallar spyrk svelli elli
— svá skotnar þat — gotna þrotna.

Hrími hræljóma fellr; hár tími ára sára vex of gram; frost Mistar nemr herkaldan þrǫm skjaldar aldar of hlyn Hristar. Gullsendir brýtr leggi stǫfum gunnveggs hreggi grundar Hrundar; spyrk elli gotna þrotna svelli sóknvallar; svá skotnar þat.

The hostility of the corpse-gleam [SWORD > BATTLE] approaches; the opportune time of oars of wounds [SWORDS > BATTLE] increases around the ruler; the frost of Mist <valkyrie> [SWORD] hits the mightily cold rim of the shield of the men around the maple of Hrist <valkyrie> [WARRIOR]. The gold-dispenser [GENEROUS MAN] breaks the legs of staves of the battle-wall [SHIELD > WARRIORS] during the storm of the ground of Hrund <valkyrie> [SHIELD > BATTLE]; I hear that people’s old age is cut short by the ice-sheet of the attack-meadow [SHIELD > SWORD]; thus it turns out.

readings

[7] spyrk (‘spyr ek’): so , W, ‘spvr ec’ R

notes

[7] spyrk ‘I hear’: So , W. In R ‘spvr ec’ has been altered to ‘spyr ec’ (R*).

grammar

Weak verbs: Type 1

berja ‘fight’


IndicativeSubjunctiveImp.


PresentPastPresentPastPres.


Active voice
sing.


pl.
1
2
3
1
2
3
ber
berr
berr
berjum
berjið
berja
barða
barðir
barði
bǫrðum
bǫrðuð
bǫrðu
berja
berir
beri
berim
berið
beri
berða
berðir
berði
berðim
berðið
berði

ber

berjum
berið
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
berja
berjandi
bar(i)t


Middle voice
sing.


pl.
1
2
3
1
2
3
berjumk
bersk
bersk
berjumk
berizk
berjask
bǫrðumk
barðisk
barðisk
bǫrðumk
bǫðuzk
bǫrðusk
berjumk
berisk
berisk
berimk
berizk
berisk
berðumk
berðisk
berðisk
berðimk
berðizk
berðisk

bersk

berjumk
berizk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
berjask
berjandisk
bar(i)zk

heyra ‘hear’


IndicativeSubjunctiveImp.


PresentPastPresentPastPres.


Active voice
sing.


pl.
1
2
3
1
2
3
heyri
heyrir
heyrir
heyrum
heryið
heyra
heyrða
heyrðir
heyrði
heyrðum
heyrðuð
heyrðu
heyra
heyrir
heyri
heyrim
heyrið
heyri
heyrða
heyrðir
heyrði
heyrðim
heyrðið
heyrði

heyr

heyrum
heyrið
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
heyra
heyrandi
heyr(i)t


Middle voice
sing.


pl.
1
2
3
1
2
3
heyrumk
heyrisk
heyrisk
heyrumk
heyrizk
heyrask
heyrðumk
heyrðisk
heyrðisk
heyrðumk
heyrðuzk
heyrðusk
heyrumk
heyrisk
heyrisk
heyrimk
heyrizk
heyrisk
heyrðumk
heyrðisk
heyrðisk
heyrðimk
heyrðizk
heyrðisk

heyrsk

heyrumk
heyrizk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
heyrask
heyrandisk
heyrzk
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