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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Frag 11III/1 — Gráns ‘of the hostile’

Gráns (bera gollna spônu)
— gǫfug ferð es sú jǫfri —
skýtr holmfjǫturr Heita
hrafni (snekkju stafnar).

Holmfjǫturr skýtr hrafni gráns Heita; stafnar snekkju bera gollna spônu; sú ferð es gǫfug jǫfri.

The island-fetter [SEA] pushes the horse of the hostile Heiti <sea-king> [SHIP]; the prows of the warship bear golden plates; that journey is glorious for the prince.

readings

[1] Gráns: grams U

notes

[1] gráns (m. or n. gen. sg.) ‘hostile’: The only word that can be qualified by this adj. is Heita (m. gen. sg.) ‘of Heiti’, and gráns Heita ‘of the hostile Heiti’ is taken here to refer to the raging ocean (see also Note to Þfagr Frag 1/3). Skj B and Skald emend to gránn (m. nom. sg.) and take the adj. with holmfjǫturr (m. nom. sg.): gránn holmfjǫturr ‘the grey island-fetter’. Faulkes (SnE 1998) adopts the U variant and reads stafnar snekkju grams ‘the prows of the king’s warship’, which causes a lack of internal rhyme in l. 1 and is not supported by the other ms. witnesses.

kennings

grammar

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