Gǫngum upp, áðr Engla
ættlǫnd farin rǫndu
morðs ok miklar ferðir
malmregns stafar fregni.
Verum hugrakkir hlakkar;
hristum spjót ok skjótum;
leggr fyr órum eggjum
Engla gnótt á flótta.
Gǫngum upp, áðr stafar malmregns ok miklar ferðir morðs fregni ættlǫnd Engla farin rǫndu. Verum hugrakkir hlakkar; hristum spjót ok skjótum; gnótt Engla leggr á flótta fyr eggjum órum.
Let us go ashore, before the staves of the metal-rain [BATTLE > WARRIORS] and large militias of killing learn that the ancestral lands of the English are traversed with the shield. Let us be brave-minded in battle; let us brandish spears and shoot [them]; an ample number of the English takes to flight before our blades.
[1] Gǫngum: gengum DG8
[1] gǫngum ‘let us go’: DG8 gives the pret. form gengum ‘we went’, but the 1st pers. pl. imp. form is required, to match verum ‘let us be’ (l. 5) and hristum ... ok skjótum ‘let us brandish ... and shoot’ (l. 6). On skaldic exhortations to battle using 1st pers. pl. imp., see Note to Þorf Lv 2 [All].
Verbs: Strong Verbs
The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..
lúka ‘shut, end’
Indicative | Subjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Past | Present | Past | ||
Active voice | |||||
sing. | 1 2 3 | lýk lýkr lýkr | lauk laukt lauk | lúka lúkir lúki | lyka lykir lyki |
pl. | 1 2 3 | lúkum lúkið lúka | lukum lukuð luku | lúkim lúkið lúki | lykim lykið lyki |
infinitive pres. part. past part. | lúka lúkandi lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit | ||||
Middle voice | |||||
sing. | 1 2 3 | lýkumk lýksk lýksk | laukumk laukzk lauksk | lúkumk lúkisk lúkisk | lykumk lykisk lykisk |
pl. | 1 2 3 | lúkumk lúkizk lúkask | lukumk lukuzk lukusk | lúkimk lúkizk lúkisk | lykimk lykizk lykisk |
infinitive pres. part. past part. | lúkask lúkandisk lúkizk |