OBarr Frag 1III/2 — spyrk ‘I hear’
Hvégis, Draupnis drógar
dís — ramman spyrk vísa —
(sá ræðr) valdr (fyr veldi)
vagnbrautar mér fagnar.
Hvégis valdr vagnbrautar fagnar mér, dís drógar Draupnis; spyrk vísa ramman; sá ræðr fyr veldi.
In whatever way the ruler of the wagon-road [SKY/HEAVEN > = God] welcomes me, dís <minor female deity> of the drawing of Draupnir <mythical ring> [GOLD > WOMAN]; I hear the lord is powerful; he rules over the realm.
readings
[2] spyrk (‘spyr ec’): spyr W
notes
[All]: It is also possible to construe the helmingr’s syntax in several different ways; cf. Skj B for the above interpretation. Kock (NN §427) construes with two parallel clauses, ramman spyrk vísa ‘I hear the lord is powerful’ (l. 2) and sá valdr ræðr fyr veldi vagnbrautar ‘that ruler rules over the realm of the wagon-road’ (ll. 3-4). — [All]: The main subject of Ormr’s poem is unknown. The poet seems to be speculating about the welcome he anticipates receiving in heaven. If Ormr came from the Hebrides, where much of the population was Christian well before Christianity came to Norway and Iceland, it is likely that the referent of the kenning in ll. 3-4 is the Christian God, rather than Óðinn. Skj B is undecided, while Faulkes (SnE 1998, I, 180) suggests the helmingr may be about Óðinn ‘and perhaps refers to the poet’s reception in Valhǫll or heaven’.
grammar
Weak verbs: Type 1
| berja ‘fight’ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | Subjunctive | Imp. | ||||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | Pres. | ||
| Active voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | ber berr berr berjum berjið berja | barða barðir barði bǫrðum bǫrðuð bǫrðu | berja berir beri berim berið beri | berða berðir berði berðim berðið berði | ber berjum berið |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | berja berjandi bar(i)t | |||||
| Middle voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | berjumk bersk bersk berjumk berizk berjask | bǫrðumk barðisk barðisk bǫrðumk bǫðuzk bǫrðusk | berjumk berisk berisk berimk berizk berisk | berðumk berðisk berðisk berðimk berðizk berðisk | bersk berjumk berizk |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | berjask berjandisk bar(i)zk | |||||
| heyra ‘hear’ | ||||||
| Indicative | Subjunctive | Imp. | ||||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | Pres. | ||
| Active voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | heyri heyrir heyrir heyrum heryið heyra | heyrða heyrðir heyrði heyrðum heyrðuð heyrðu | heyra heyrir heyri heyrim heyrið heyri | heyrða heyrðir heyrði heyrðim heyrðið heyrði | heyr heyrum heyrið |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | heyra heyrandi heyr(i)t | |||||
| Middle voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | heyrumk heyrisk heyrisk heyrumk heyrizk heyrask | heyrðumk heyrðisk heyrðisk heyrðumk heyrðuzk heyrðusk | heyrumk heyrisk heyrisk heyrimk heyrizk heyrisk | heyrðumk heyrðisk heyrðisk heyrðimk heyrðizk heyrðisk | heyrsk heyrumk heyrizk |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | heyrask heyrandisk heyrzk | |||||