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The Seafarer §8b-12a

Edited by Tarrin Wills

Calde ‘by the cold’

inst. n. sg.

cald (adj.; adj): cold

geþrungen ‘pressed’

pers. pret. participle;

þringan (verb; Class 3 str verb): press, throng, press forward, advance

wæron ‘were’

3rd pers. pret. pl.

beon (verb; anom verb): to be

mine ‘My’

nom. m. pl.

ic (pron.; 1st pers pron): I

fet ‘feet’

nom. pl.

fot (noun m.; masc noun): foot

forste ‘by frost’

inst. sg.

forst (noun m.; masc noun): frost

gebunden ‘bound’

pers. pret. participle;

bindan (verb; Class 3 str verb): bind

caldum ‘in cold’

dat. m. pl.

cald (adj.; adj): cold

clommum ‘shackles’

dat. pl.

clomm (noun m.; masc noun): grasp, grip; bond, fetter

þær ‘while’

þær (conj.; adv and conj): there, where; in such a case where

þa ‘’

nom. f. pl.

se (pron.; demonst): the, that

ceare ‘anxieties’

nom. pl.

cearu (noun f.; fem noun): care, sorrow

seofedun ‘sighed’

3rd pers. pret. pl.

seofian (verb; wk verb): sigh, lament

hat ‘hot’

nom. f. pl.

hat (adj.; adj): hot; fervent, intense; exiting, enticing

ymb ‘around’

ymb (prep.; prep): about, around; after

heortan ‘heart’

acc. sg.

heorte (noun f.; fem noun): heart

hungor ‘hunger’

nom. sg.

hungor (noun m.; masc noun): hunger

innan ‘from within’

innan (prep.; adv and prep): within, in, inside; into

slat ‘tore at’

3rd pers. pret. sg.

slitan (verb; Class 1 str verb): tear, cut, torture

merewerges ‘of the sea-weary one’

gen. m. sg.

merewerig (adj.; adj): sea-weary

mod ‘the mind’

acc. sg.

mod (noun n.; neut noun): mind, heart, spirit; pride, arrogance; courage

Click/tap on words in the text for grammatical information and notes.

Calde geþrungen
wæron mine fet,
forste gebunden,
caldum clommum,
þær þa ceare seofedun
hat ymb heortan;
hungor innan slat
merewerges mod.

1-12a The Seafarer 12b-17

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