[1] ave ‘grandsire’: The vocative sg. of avus rather than the salutation ave ‘hail’. The noun seems to function as an honorific (cf. Anon Eccl 2/5), possibly reflecting an equation with Aramaic abba ‘father’, which was commonly used in the medieval Church. This peculiar use of avus may have been promoted by the existence of the ON cognate afi ‘grandfather, forebear; man’, which has a broader application than the more precise Lat. term.