We use cookies on this website, mainly to provide a secure browsing experience but also to collect statistics on how the website is used. You can find out more about the cookies we set, the information we store and how we use it on the cookies page.
ContinueThis site is in progress and should not be referenced in research publications.
Áróns frændi
‘to Aaron’s kinsman’ = Moses
to Aaron’s kinsman; → Moses
Moses
1. relative of Aaron
dróttinn leiftra skríns
‘of the lord of lightnings’ shrine’ = God
lightnings’ shrine → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
leiftra skrín
‘of lightnings’ shrine’ = SKY/HEAVEN
lightnings’ shrine → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
2.4. shrine of the lightning
móðir hilmis hlýrna
‘for the mother of the ruler of the sun and the moon’ = Mary
the ruler of the sun and the moon; → God
for the mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
hilmir hlýrna
‘of the ruler of the sun and the moon’ = God
the ruler of the sun and the moon; → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
umgaupnandi allrar skepnu
‘encompasser of all creation’ = God
Encompasser of all creation, → God
God
4.3. encompasser of creation
ítarligr ǫðlingr bjartra röðla
‘magnificent prince of bright suns’ = God
magnificent prince of bright suns, → God
God
1.2. lord of heavenly bodies
þengill himna
‘the lord of the heavens’ = God
the lord of the heavens → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
móðir dróttins
‘to the mother of the lord’ = Mary
to the mother of the Lord,’ → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
göfugur gætir góðra klerka
‘the glorious guardian of good clerics’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the glorious guardian of good clerics; → BISHOP = Augustine
bishop
. guardian of clerics
mætust móðir dróttins
‘the most magnificent mother of the lord’ = Mary
the most magnificent mother of the Lord, → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
guðs sonr
‘god’s son’ = Christ
God’s son → Christ
Jesus Christ
2.1. son of God
móðir dróttins
‘mother of the lord’ = Mary
mother of the Lord, → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
mætan gætir himna
‘the glorious guardian of the heavens’ = God
the glorious guardian of the heavens; → God
Jesus Christ
3.1. guardian of heaven
fǫgnuðr allra bragna
‘the delight of all men’ = Christ
the delight of all men → Christ
Jesus Christ
eingi hlynr branda
‘no maple of swords’ = WARRIOR
No maple of swords → WARRIOR
warrior
1.1.1. tree of the sword
tíginn valdr presta*
‘the esteemed ruler of priests’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the esteemed ruler of priests → BISHOP = Augustine
bishop
2. ruler of clerics
þengill himna
‘the lord of the heavens’ = God
the lord of the heavens → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
sæt brúðr dróttins sætis dægra
‘the sweet bride of the lord of the seat of days and nights’ = Mary
the seat of days and nights → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
The sweet bride of GOD → Mary
Mary
2.1. woman of God
dróttinn sætis dægra
‘of the lord of the seat of days and nights’ = God
the seat of days and nights → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
sæti dægra
‘of the seat of days and nights’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the seat of days and nights → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
8.4. abode of days and nights
gætir munka
‘the guardian of monks’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the guardian of monks. → BISHOP = Augustine
bishop
. guardian of clerics
móðir siklings sunnu grundar
‘the mother of the ruler of the sun’s land’ = Mary
the sun’s land → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
The mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
siklingr sunnu grundar
‘of the ruler of the sun’s land’ = God
the sun’s land → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
sunnu grund
‘of the sun’s land’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the sun’s land → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.1. land of the sun
fróðan stýrir mítra
‘the learned commander of mitres’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the learned commander of mitres: → BISHOP = Augustine
bishop
4. man of Christian symbols, attire
gætir eingla
‘of the guardian of angels’ = God
the guardian of angels → God
Jesus Christ
3.3. guardian of angels
blessuð móðir miskunnar
‘the blessed mother of mercy’ = Mary
the blessed mother of mercy. → Mary
Mary
6.1. woman of virtue
fleinhristandi
‘spear-shakers’ = WARRIORS
spear-shakers → WARRIORS
warrior
1.7.01.1. shaker of the weapon
fylkir sunnu
‘the ruler of the sun’ = God
the ruler of the sun → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
heilagr deilir skepnu
‘the holy ordainer of creation’ = God
the holy ordainer of creation → God
Jesus Christ
1.06. lord of creation
sonr guðs
‘the son of god’ = Christ
the son of God → Christ
Jesus Christ
2.1. son of God
lausnari lofts og himna
‘the redeemer of the air and the heavens’ = Christ
the redeemer of the air and the heavens → Christ
Jesus Christ
stolpi hjálpar
‘the pillar of salvation’ = CROSS
the pillar of salvation → CROSS
cross
. pillar of salvation
tré hölda
‘the tree of men’ = CROSS
the tree of men, → CROSS
cross
. tree of people
vísir dýrðar
‘for the prince of splendour’ = God
for the prince of splendour; → God
Jesus Christ
1.04. lord of glory
hilmir sólar
‘the ruler of the sun’ = God
the ruler of the sun → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
stillir störnuhallar
‘lord of the star-hall’ = God
the star-hall; → SKY/HEAVEN
lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
störnuhǫll
‘of the star-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the star-hall; → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
1.2.5. house of the star
eilífligastr deilir skepnu
‘the most eternal ordainer of creation’ = God
The most eternal ordainer of creation → God
God
1.10. lord of creation
máttuligrar móðir dróttins
‘the mighty mother of the lord’ = Mary
the mighty mother of the Lord, → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
sveiti benja
‘the sweat of injuries’ = BLOOD
the sweat of injuries. → BLOOD
blood
1.1. liquid of wounds (A2)
ǫðlingr bjartra röðla
‘the prince of bright suns’ = God
the prince of bright suns, → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
stýrir eingla
‘the controller of angels’ = God
the controller of angels → God
Jesus Christ
1.03. lord of angels
móðir Jésús
‘the mother of Jesus’ = Mary
the mother of Jesus; → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
móðir gætis eingla
‘mother of the guardian of angels’ = Mary
the guardian of angels → God
mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
gætir eingla
‘of the guardian of angels’ = God
the guardian of angels → God
Jesus Christ
3.3. guardian of angels
ítarligr, blessaðr þengill grundar eingla
‘the glorious, blessed lord of the land of angels’ = God
the land of angels → SKY/HEAVEN
The glorious, blessed lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
grund eingla
‘of the land of angels’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the land of angels → SKY/HEAVEN
heaven (Christian)
2.3. land of angels
stillir leiftra
‘of the prince of lightnings’ = God
the prince of lightnings. → God
God
1.11. lord of lightnings
eilífligastr deilir skepnu
‘the most eternal ordainer of creation’ = God
The most eternal ordainer of creation → God
God
1.10. lord of creation
stillir hlýrna
‘for the prince of the sun and moon’ = God
for the prince of the sun and moon; → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
bragningr hválfs byrjar
‘of the lord of the vault of fair wind’ = God
the vault of fair wind → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
God
1.1. lord of heaven
hvalf byrjar
‘of the vault of fair wind’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the vault of fair wind → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
4.1. roof of weather
móðir dróttins
‘the mother of the lord’ = Mary
the mother of the Lord; → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
signuð brúðr bragnings hválfs byrjar
‘the blessed bride of the lord of the vault of fair wind’ = Mary
the vault of fair wind → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
The blessed bride of GOD → Mary
Mary
2.1. woman of God
‘lofðungr hauðrs sólar
‘‘the lord of the land of the sun’ = God
the land of the sun → SKY/HEAVEN
‘The lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
hauðr sólar
‘of the land of the sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the land of the sun → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.1. land of the sun
móðir dróttins
‘the mother of the lord’ = Mary
the mother of the Lord, → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
sonr guðs
‘of the son of god’ = Christ
the son of God → Christ
Jesus Christ
2.1. son of God
eilífligastr deilir skepnu
‘the most eternal ordainer of creation’ = God
The most eternal ordainer of creation → God
God
1.10. lord of creation
‘skjǫldungr hauðrs skýja
‘‘lord of the land of clouds’ = God
the land of clouds, → SKY/HEAVEN
‘Lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
hauðr skýja
‘of the land of clouds’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the land of clouds, → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.4. land of the cloud
máttugr stillir þjóðar mána stiettar
‘the mighty prince of the people of the moon’s path’ = God
the moon’s path → SKY/HEAVEN
the people of the SKY/HEAVEN → ANGELS
The mighty prince of ANGELS → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
þjóðar mána stiettar
‘of the people of the moon’s path’ = ANGELS
the moon’s path → SKY/HEAVEN
the people of the SKY/HEAVEN → ANGELS
angel
1. men of heaven (B2b)
mána stétt
‘of the moon’s path’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the moon’s path → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
7.2. path of the moon
prýðir eingla
‘the adorner of angels’ = God
the adorner of angels. → God
Jesus Christ
. adorner of the angels
vísir sólar
‘the ruler of the sun’ = God
the ruler of the sun, ‘[and] → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
stillir himna
‘of the prince of the heavens’ = God
the prince of the heavens, → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
gætir aldar
‘of the guardian of people’ = God
the guardian of people, → God
Jesus Christ
3.2. guardian of people
móðir yfirþjóðkonungs allra jöfra
‘mother of the supreme king of all princes’ = Mary
the supreme king of all princes → God
mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
yfirþjóðkonungr allra jöfra
‘of the supreme king of all princes’ = God
the supreme king of all princes → God
Jesus Christ
1.02.1. lord of princes
mildingr hauðrs mána
‘the ruler of the land of the moon’ = God
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
the ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
hauðr mána
‘of the land of the moon’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the land of the moon → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.2. land of the moon
inn hæsti herra hlýrna
‘the highest lord of the sun and moon’ = God
the highest lord of the sun and moon; → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
lundr geira
‘the trees of spears’ = WARRIORS
The trees of spears, → WARRIORS
warrior
1.1.3. tree of the spear
siklingr sólar
‘the lord of the sun’ = God
the lord of the sun → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
deilir skepnu
‘the ordainer of creation’ = Christ
the ordainer of creation. → Christ
Jesus Christ
1.06. lord of creation
móðir yfirþjóðkonungs allra jöfra
‘mother of the supreme king of all princes’ = Mary
the supreme king of all princes → God
mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
yfirþjóðkonungr allra jöfra
‘of the supreme king of all princes’ = God
the supreme king of all princes → God
Jesus Christ
1.02.1. lord of princes
stýrir merkja
‘to the controller of symbols’ = BISHOP = Augustine
to the controller of symbols: → BISHOP = Augustine
bishop
4. man of Christian symbols, attire
dauðan stillir hauðurs mána
‘the dead lord of the land of the moon’ = God
the land of the moon’; → SKY/HEAVEN
the dead lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
hauðr mána
‘of the land of the moon’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the land of the moon’; → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.2. land of the moon
fróðust móðir dróttins
‘the most wise mother of the lord’ = Mary
the most wise mother of the Lord. → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
hilmir runna* láða* sunnu
‘of the lord of the trees of the lands of the sun’ = God
the lands of the sun → SKY/HEAVEN
the trees of the SKY/HEAVEN → ANGELS
the lord of ANGELS → God
Jesus Christ
1.03. lord of angels
runnr láða* sunnu
‘of the trees of the lands of the sun’ = ANGELS
the lands of the sun → SKY/HEAVEN
the trees of the SKY/HEAVEN → ANGELS
angel
1.3. tree of heaven
láð sunnu
‘of the lands of the sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the lands of the sun → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.1. land of the sun
móðir lofðungs veldis himna
‘the mother of the ruler of the realm of the heavens’ = Mary
the ruler of the realm of the heavens, → God
the mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
lofðungs veldi himna
‘of the ruler of the realm of the heavens’ = God
the ruler of the realm of the heavens, → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
stillir heiðar tjalds
‘of the lord of the heath’s tent’ = God
the heath’s tent. → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
heiðar tjald
‘of the heath’s tent’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the heath’s tent. → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
3.1. tent of the land
móðir yfirþjóðkonungs allra jöfra
‘mother of the supreme king of all princes’ = Mary
the supreme king of all princes → God
mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
yfirþjóðkonungr allra jöfra
‘of the supreme king of all princes’ = God
the supreme king of all princes → God
Jesus Christ
1.02.1. lord of princes
hilmir vænnar stiettar bjartrar sólar
‘May the prince of the splendid path of the bright sun’ = God
the splendid path of the bright sun → SKY/HEAVEN
May the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
vænnar stétt bjartrar sólar
‘of the splendid path of the bright sun’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the splendid path of the bright sun → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
7.1. path of the sun
gæzkumild móðir Jésús
‘the beneficent [lit. good-will generous] mother of Jesus’ = Mary
the beneficent [lit. good-will generous] mother of Jesus, → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
‘prúðr ræsir borgar regna
‘‘the splendid ruler of the stronghold of rains’ = God
the stronghold of rains, → SKY/HEAVEN
‘The splendid ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
borg regna
‘of the stronghold of rains’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the stronghold of rains, → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
1.1.2. house of rain
geymir vagns
‘the keeper of the wagon’ = God
the keeper of the wagon → God
God
2.4. guardian of the heavenly body
konungr sólar
‘of the king of the sun’ = God
the king of the sun.’ → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
mark píslar pátris déí
‘the sign of the passion of god the father’ = CROSS
the sign of the Passion of God the father; → CROSS
cross
. sign of Passion
sonr guðs
‘of the son of god’ = Christ
the son of God → Christ
Jesus Christ
2.1. son of God
bekkr iðranar
‘the brook of repentance’ = TEARS
the brook of repentance → TEARS
tears, weeping
2. water of repentance
móðir dróttins mána strandar
‘the mother of the lord of the moon’s beach’ = Mary
the moon’s beach → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
The mother of GOD → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
dróttinn mána strandar
‘of the lord of the moon’s beach’ = God
the moon’s beach → SKY/HEAVEN
the lord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
mána strǫnd
‘of the moon’s beach’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the moon’s beach → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.1.2. land of the moon
líkn og hjálp lýðs
‘the mercy and salvation of people’ = Mary
The mercy and salvation of people, → Mary
Mary
5. help of people
móðir grams
‘of the mother of the ruler’ = Mary
the mother of the ruler; → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
þengill sólar
‘of the lord of the sun’ = God
the lord of the sun → God
God
1.2. lord of heavenly bodies
skapari skýfoldar
‘the creator of the cloud-land’ = God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
4.1. creator of sky/heaven
skýfold
‘of the cloud-land’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
6.4. land of the cloud
meistari alls
‘the master of the universe’ = God
the master of the universe → God
Jesus Christ
ítr ræsir borgar þeyja
‘the splendid ruler of the stronghold of warm winds’ = God
the stronghold of warm winds, → SKY/HEAVEN
the splendid ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
borg þeyja
‘of the stronghold of warm winds’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the stronghold of warm winds, → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
1.1.1. house of storm/wind
allri sinni ágætri hirð dýrðar himna
‘all his famous retinue of the splendour of the heavens’ = ANGELS
all his famous retinue of the splendour of the heavens; → ANGELS
angel
1.1. retinue of heaven
eilífr, lofaður deilir skepnu
‘the eternal, praised ordainer of creation’ = God
the eternal, praised ordainer of creation → God
Jesus Christ
1.06. lord of creation
tínir skepnu
‘the mover of creation’ = God
the mover of creation, → God
Jesus Christ
hirðir bryggju mána
‘the guardian of the pier of the moon’ =
the pier of the moon → God
the guardian of GOD →
Jesus Christ
bryggja mána
‘of the pier of the moon’ = God
the pier of the moon → God
sky/heaven
7.2. path of the moon
mætust himnesk sæta
‘the most magnificent heavenly lady’ = Mary
the most magnificent heavenly lady. → Mary
questionable kennings
kveðja eingils
‘the greeting of the angel’ = Hail Mary
the greeting of the angel; → Hail Mary
Hail Mary
. greeting of the angel
gætir himna
‘to the guardian of the heavens’ = God
to the guardian of the heavens → God
Jesus Christ
3.1. guardian of heaven
rausnsaman ræsir regnsals
‘the magnificent ruler of the rain-hall’ = God
the rain-hall → SKY/HEAVEN
the magnificent ruler of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
regnsalr
‘of the rain-hall’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the rain-hall → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
1.1.2. house of rain
móðir dróttins
‘to the mother of the lord’ = Mary
to the mother of the Lord → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ
lón hvarma
‘the pool of the eyelids’ = TEARS
the pool of the eyelids → TEARS
tears, weeping
1. water of the eyes
jǫfurr hreggskríns
‘prince of the storm-shrine’ = God
the storm-shrine, → SKY/HEAVEN
Prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Jesus Christ
1.01. lord of sky/heaven
hreggskrín
‘of the storm-shrine’ = SKY/HEAVEN
the storm-shrine, → SKY/HEAVEN
sky/heaven
2.1. shrine of the storm
sú laug hvarma
‘that cleansing-water of the eyelids’ = TEARS
that cleansing-water of the eyelids → TEARS
tears, weeping
1. water of the eyes
almætastan gætir himna
‘the most glorious guardian of the heavens’ = God
the most glorious guardian of the heavens → God
God
2.1. guardian of heaven
sæll stillir sólar
‘blessed ruler of the sun’ = God
Blessed ruler of the sun, → God
Jesus Christ
1.01.1. lord of heavenly bodies
vers Máríu
‘the verse of Mary’ = Hail Mary
the verse of Mary → Hail Mary
Hail Mary
. verse of Mary
móðir guðs
‘the mother of god’ = Mary
the mother of God → Mary
Mary
1. mother of Jesus Christ