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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Þul Þorgþ II 1III/3 — þeira ‘of’

Gamalla øxna nǫfn         hefk gǫrla fregit:
þeira Rauðs ok Hœfis,         Rekinn ok Kýrr,
Himinhrjóðr ok Apli,         Arfr ok Arfuni.

Hefk gǫrla fregit nǫfn gamalla øxna: þeira Rauðs ok Hœfis, Rekinn ok Kýrr, Himinhrjóðr ok Apli, Arfr ok Arfuni.

I have learned precisely the names of ancient oxen: of Rauðr and Hœfir, Rekinn and Kýrr, Himinhrjóðr and Apli, Arfr ok Arfuni.

readings

[3] þeira: þeira er C

notes

[3] Rauðs ok Hœfis ‘of Rauðr and Hœfir’: The first name means ‘red one’ (see also Þul Øxna 1/7), but the sense of the second name is problematic – possibly ‘hoofed one’ from hófr m. ‘hoof’ (for other suggested interpretations, see AEW: hœfir; LP: hœfir). Hœfir appears as an ox-name in Þul Øxna 2/3 and also twice in kennings for ‘horn’ (Þjóð Yt 14/15I and HaukrV Ísldr 16/5IV).

grammar

Pronouns and determiners: Third person



masc.fem.neut.
sing. N
A
G
D
hann
hann
hans
honum
hon (hún)
hana
hennar
henni
þat
þat
þess
því, þí
pl. N
A
G
D
þeir
þá
þeir(r)a
þeim
þær
þær
þeir(r)a
þeim
þau
þau
þeir(r)a
þeim
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