Anon Pét 16VII
David McDougall (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Pétrsdrápa 16’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 809-10.
Þurrum ‘with dry’
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þurr (adj.): dry
fótum ‘feet’
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1. fótr (noun m.): foot, leg
flýtir ‘hastens’
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flýta (verb): hasten
faðir ‘Father’
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faðir (noun m.): father
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
sjó ‘the sea’
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sjór (noun m.): sea
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
aðrir ‘the others’
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
Pétr ‘Peter’
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Pétr (noun m.): Peter
að ‘for’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
landi ‘land’
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
leitar ‘makes’
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leita (verb): seek, look for, attack
lið ‘of help’
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lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop < liðstórr (adj.)
notes
[4] liðstórr ‘great of help’: Kahle (1898, 81) reads ‘lid sliór’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj A) prints ‘líd storr’ but notes that ‘storr’ is ‘somewhat unclear and doubtless corrected’. Since, however, the form does not show the st ligature regularly used elsewhere in the ms. (cf., e.g., 57v: næst stafi hæsta 1/2; stort 1/6; stolpi 5/7; styrk 5/8, etc., with, e.g., 57v: slottig 3/2; 58r: slika 10/8), it seems more likely that the original ms. reading was ‘lidsliorr’ ‘sluggish, slow with help’. The letter <l> appears to have been later altered to <t> to produce the reading liðstórr.
stórr ‘great’
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stórr (adj.): large, great < liðstórr (adj.)
[4] ‑stórr: ‘‑storr’ corrected from ‘‑sliorr’ 621
notes
[4] liðstórr ‘great of help’: Kahle (1898, 81) reads ‘lid sliór’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj A) prints ‘líd storr’ but notes that ‘storr’ is ‘somewhat unclear and doubtless corrected’. Since, however, the form does not show the st ligature regularly used elsewhere in the ms. (cf., e.g., 57v: næst stafi hæsta 1/2; stort 1/6; stolpi 5/7; styrk 5/8, etc., with, e.g., 57v: slottig 3/2; 58r: slika 10/8), it seems more likely that the original ms. reading was ‘lidsliorr’ ‘sluggish, slow with help’. The letter <l> appears to have been later altered to <t> to produce the reading liðstórr.
skipi ‘by ship’
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
fóru ‘went’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
Niðr ‘down’
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3. niðr (adv.): down
notes
[5] dró ... niðr ‘dragged down’: The phrase can alternatively be read as impersonal and translated as a passive construction: ‘The destroyer of wickedness was speedily dragged down as soon as fear came upon him’. Cf. Pétr 5/8-10: Jesus ... reisti hann upp sva mælandi: ‘Þetta bar vitni um litilleik truar þinnar ok efa hiarta þins, er þik dro i kaf.’ ‘Jesus ... raised him up saying: “this bore witness to the meagreness of your faith and the doubt of your heart, which drew you under”.’
dró ‘dragged’
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2. draga (verb; °dregr; dró, drógu; dreginn/droget(Hirð NKS 1642 4° 146v²⁹; cf. [$962$])): drag, pull, draw
notes
[5] dró ... niðr ‘dragged down’: The phrase can alternatively be read as impersonal and translated as a passive construction: ‘The destroyer of wickedness was speedily dragged down as soon as fear came upon him’. Cf. Pétr 5/8-10: Jesus ... reisti hann upp sva mælandi: ‘Þetta bar vitni um litilleik truar þinnar ok efa hiarta þins, er þik dro i kaf.’ ‘Jesus ... raised him up saying: “this bore witness to the meagreness of your faith and the doubt of your heart, which drew you under”.’
ilsku ‘of wickedness’
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1. illska (noun f.; °-u; -ur): wickedness, bad disposition
kennings
eyði ilsku;‘the destroyer of wickedness;’
= APOSTLE
the destroyer of wickedness; → APOSTLE
eyði ‘the destroyer’
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eyðir (noun m.): destroyer
kennings
eyði ilsku;‘the destroyer of wickedness;’
= APOSTLE
the destroyer of wickedness; → APOSTLE
ótt ‘suddenly’
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2. óðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): raging, furious
[6] ótt: ætt 621
notes
[6] ótt ... sótti ‘suddenly ... seized’: Ms. reads ‘ætt ... setti’ (with skothending). Kahle (1898, 110) suggests that hræzlan setti refers to Christ who ‘subdued fear’, but hræzlan (nom. sg. with suffixed def. art.) must be the subject rather than the object of the verb. Finnur Jónsson’s emendation (Skj B) ótt ... sótti makes good sense and provides the expected aðalhending. His reading is silently accepted by Kock (Skald) and is adopted here.
þegar ‘As soon as’
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1. þegar (conj.): as soon as, when
hræzlan ‘the fear’
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hræzla (noun f.; °-u): fear, terror
notes
[6] ótt ... sótti ‘suddenly ... seized’: Ms. reads ‘ætt ... setti’ (with skothending). Kahle (1898, 110) suggests that hræzlan setti refers to Christ who ‘subdued fear’, but hræzlan (nom. sg. with suffixed def. art.) must be the subject rather than the object of the verb. Finnur Jónsson’s emendation (Skj B) ótt ... sótti makes good sense and provides the expected aðalhending. His reading is silently accepted by Kock (Skald) and is adopted here.
svalg ‘swallowed’
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1. svelgja (verb): swallow
af ‘’
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af (prep.): from
saltri ‘the salt’
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salt (noun n.; °-s): sea, salt
bylgju ‘swell’
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bylgja (noun f.; °-u; -ur, gen. bylgna): wave
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
kólgu ‘wave’
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kolga (noun f.): breaker, wave
dökkva ‘the dark’
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døkkr (adj.; °-van; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr): dark
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
This st. brings together (or confuses) two different gospel passages: ll. 5-8 clearly refer to the account of Peter’s attempt to walk to Christ upon the sea at Matt. XIV.29-30. Lines 1-4, however, appear to refer instead to Christ’s appearance before his disciples after his Resurrection, while they were fishing on the Sea of Tiberias. At John XXI.7-8, Peter is said to have cast himself into the sea in his eagerness to come to Christ on shore, while ‘the other disciples came in the ship’: alii autem discipuli navigio venerunt. In the rendering of this passage in Pétr 16/23-5, Peter is described as ‘walking over the sea until he came upon dry land’: gangandi yfir sioinn til þess er hann kom ꜳ þurt land (cf. Pétr2Aˣ 162/22: gekk þa Petrus ... sem a þurru landi ‘Peter then walked ... as if on dry land’; Pét 16/1-3). En aðrir lærisveinar foru ꜳ skipi til strandar ‘But the other disciples went in the ship to shore’ (cf. Pét 16/2-4: en aðrir ... skipi fóru ‘but the others ... went by ship’). It is possible that the first helmingr of Pét 16 originally belonged to a different st. dealing with this later gospel passage (cf. st. 25 and Note). On the other hand, when juxtaposed, the two helmingar form a kind of diptych illustrating the power of faith and the weakness of incredulity.
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